The Effect Of Cisampelous Owanrensis Benzene Fraction On Glucose Absorption Across The Intestinal Epithelium Of Wister Rats On Aloxan Induced Diabetes

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ESTIMATION OF THE EFFECT OF CISAMPELOUS OWANRENSIS BENZENE FRACTION ON GLUCOSE ABSORPTION ACROSS THE INTESTINAL EPITHELIUM OF WISTER RATS ON ALOXAN INDUCED DIABETES

ABSTRACT

Diabetes is a global public health crisis that threatens the economies of all nations, particularly developing countries. It is generally characterized by hyperglycaemia and hyperlipidaemia culminating in severe morbidities. This study aimed to assess the effects of Cissampelos owanrensis on glucose absorption in alloxan-induced diabetic male Wistar rats. Twenty (20) adult Wistar rats were divided into four (4) groups of five rats each (n=5). Groups 1 and 2 served as the control groups and group 3 and 4 were induced with diabetes by an intraperitoneal injection of alloxan (40mg/kg). The normoglycaemic groups (1 and 2) and the alloxan-induced diabetic groups (3 and 4) were treated with 300mg/kg of Cissampelos owanrensis. The fasting glucose level of the animals was monitored at 1 hour, 3 hours and 4 hours. At the end of the experiment the rats were sacrificed by cervical dislocation, blood samples were centrifuged to obtain the serum for biochemical analysis. The duodenum, jejunum and ileum were excised for biochemical study. Data obtained were analyzed using SPSS statistical tool and expressed as mean±SEM. Results show that fasting blood glucose levels of diabetic rats was reduced significantly on administration of 300mg/kg of the plant extract(502.33±5.57 after 1 hour, 427.33±7.67 after 3 hours, 298.33±10.91 after 4 hours). In conclusion, benzene fractions of Cissampelos owanrensis demonstrated significant reduction in glucose absorption across the intestinal epithelium.

CHAPTER ONE

1.0                                          INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background to the Study

The management of diabetes mellitus has since the past two decades received immense attention as the disease ranks second in the world’s burden of diseases (Tiwari and Madhusdana, 2002). Accounting for several disease related deaths, diabetes mellitus affects about 345million people (Ross, 2001) of the global population without prejudice to race, age, gender or social status.

Contemporary medical recommendations provide drugs such as metformin, glimepiride, glipizide, among others for the management of diabetes. Despite these medications; the disease seems to be on the increase beating the WHO prediction of 323million in 2030. More recently, more attention has been directed towards the use of herbal remediation for the management of the disease.

Herbal remedies such as Allium cepa preparations (Ojieh et al., 2015), Vernonia amygdalina (Ekam et al., 2013), Cissampelos owariensis (Ekeanyanwu et al., 2013), Gongronema latifolium (Iweala et al., 2013), coconut water and coconut milk (Nwangwa and Aloamaka, 2011) have been studied in animals to elucidate their antidiabetic property, some findings have demonstrated plasma glucose reduction (Ekeanyanwu et al., 2013), reduced hyperlipidemia and ameliorate diabetic complications in experimental animals (Ojieh et al. 2015).

However, only a few of such plants have been studied to determine the mechanism by which they exert their hypoglycemic effect. Studies suggests the inhibition of renal glucose reabsorption (Eddouks et al., 2002), inhibition of gluconeogenesis and promotion of glycolysis (Atangwho et al., 2013) and the restoration of pancreatic cyto-architecture and function (Nwangwa and Aloamaka, 2011) as some of the mechanism of action of some herbs.

Cisampelos owarensis a tropical herb of the family Menispermaceae has been shown in previous studies by Ekeanyanwu et al., (2012) to cause decreased blood glucose level of diabetic rats but the mechanism by which this is activated is not clear. This study was therefore carried out to investigate the effect of Cissanpelous owanriensis in glucose absorption across intestinal epithelium of wistar rats in diabetic and normoglycemic states.

 

 

1.2      AIM OF THE STUDY

This study aims at investigating the effect of cisanpelous owariensis benzene extract on glucose absorption across the intestinal epithelium in wistar rats in alloxan induced diabetes.

1.3     OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

The specific objectives of this study include;

  1. To determine the effect of Cissanpelous owanriensis on intestinal glucose absorption in diabetic wistar rats.
  2. To investigate the effect of Cissanpelous owanriensis benzene extract on glucose absorption across the intestinal epithelium inwistar rats in a normoglycemic state.

1.4     SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

The study seeks to provide information on the health benefits of Cissanpelous owanriensis in the management of diabetes mellitus.

1.5      SCOPE OF THE STUDY

This research work focused on the absorption of glucose across the intestinal epithelium using prepangial and postpangial blood glucose level as parameters.

1.6      LIMITATION OF THE STUDY

The study was limited by lack of availability of materials i.e availability of getting the plant, constraint of finances to get some equipment for the work.

Estimation Of The Effect Of Cisampelous Owanrensis Benzene Fraction On Glucose Absorption Across The Intestinal Epithelium Of Wister Rats On Aloxan Induced Diabetes

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