the effect of campus fellowship on academic performance among university in nigeria

THE EFFECT OF CAMPUS FELLOWSHIP ON ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE AMONG UNIVERSITY IN NIGERIA 

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Cover Page – – – – – – – – – –
Title Page – – – – – – – – – –
Certification – – – – – – – – – –
Dedication – – – – – – – – – –
Acknowledgement – – – – – – – – –
Abstract – – – – – – – – – –
Table of Content – – – – – – – – –
Chapter One: Introduction
Background of the Study – – – – – –
Statement of the Problem – – – – – –
Objectives of the Study – – – – – – –
Research Questions – – – – – – –
Research Hypotheses – – – – – – –
Significance of the Study – – – – – – –
Scope/ Limitation of the Study – – – – – –
Definition of Terms – – – – – – –
Chapter Two: Review of Related Literature
2.1 Introduction – – – – – – – – –
2.2 Conceptual Framework – – – – – – –
2.3 Theoretical Framework – – – – – – –
2.4 Empirical Review – – – – – – – –

Chapter Three: Research Methodology
3.1 Introduction – – – – – – – –
3.1 Research Design – – – – – – – –
3.3 Area of the Study – – – – – – – –
3.4 Population of the Study – – – – – – –
3.5 Sample Size and Sampling Techniques – – – –
3.6 Instrumentation – – – – – – – –
3.7 Validation of the Instrument – – – – – –
3.8 Administration of the Instrument – – – – –
3.9 Method of Data Analysis – – – – – – –

Chapter Four: Presentation, Analysis and Interpretation of Data
4.1 Introduction – – – – – – – – –
4.2 Presentation and Analysis of Data – – – – –
4.3 Testing of Hypotheses – – – – – – –
4.4 Discussion of Findings – – – – – – –
Chapter Five: Summary, Conclusion and Recommendations
5.1 Introduction – – – – – – – – –
5.2 Summary – – – – – – – – –
5.3 Conclusion – – – – – – – – –

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

Background to study

Campus religious organizations also kown as campus fellowships have made their mark on universities and on the students that join them. To be sure, the relationship between religion and higher education is often precarious. While universities were at one time an extension of the general Protestant ethos that permeated American society in to Nigeria in thecolonial era, the influx of modernism into the academy weakened religious influences on higher education as a whole (Marsden, 1994). Campus ministry emerged in response to the declining Protestant influence within universities as a way to nurture students effectively in their faith and provide a secure, affirming community for them (Winnings, 1999).

On the contemporary scene, spiritual matters have piqued the interest of some scholars and students, especially with the rise of postmodernism (Love, 2000), but secular higher education—and the research university in particular—has remained ambivalent toward religion overall (Smith, 2001). Yet, even public institutions are not bereft of all spiritual influence, as the inclinations of many students toward faith and spirituality have become increasingly evident on campuses of all types (Astin, Astin, Lindholm, Bryant, Szelényi, & Calderone, 2005). Groups that devote considerable effort to recruitment and evangelism have become particularly noticeable on campuses, and their memberships have swelled in number (Bryant, 2005; Carroll, 2002; Cherry, DeBerg, & Porterfield, 2001; Swidey, 2003). Observations such as these lead to critical questions about the values that define these groups and how such groups impact students in terms of key college outcomes.

Studies by Jeynes (2002, 2003a) and Regnerus (2000) found that religiously committed urban children performed better on academic measures than their less religious counterparts, even when controlling for socio-economic status, race, and gender. These results, from various studies, were based upon analytic approaches, meta-analyses, nationwide datasets, and qualitative techniques. Specifically, religious students of color outperformed their less religious counterparts.

Regnerus (2000) proposed and tested a multilevel model of involvement in church activities and schooling success among metropolitan abuja public high school. He hypothesized that:

 

1. Involvement in church activities will be directly related to higher educational expectations and better achievement test scores in public school youth,
2. Religion’s importance for schooling success is greater in lower-income neighborhoods, where community disorganization is more likely to occur than in wealthier neighborhoods,
3. Including other sources of educational socialization will prevent a significant church involvement effect (p. 364).

 

Results from Regnerus’ (2000) study indicated that participation in church activities heightened educational expectations and achievement. Additionally, data supported the finding that more intensely religious students scored higher on standardized tests in mathematics and reading, irrespective of economic factors, including social class (Regnerus, 2000).

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM

Although we lack a comprehensive body of literature that relates religiousness and spirituality to academic performance in universities (Low & Handal, 1995), some researchers that av attempted to address this issue have posit contradicting conclusions. Campus religious groups may instill feelings of being “at home,” enable personal and academic growth through honest questioning, study groups creation and facilitate the healing of past hurt to maintain the needed focus for successful academic pursuit (Bryant, 2003; Mankowski & Thomas, 2000). Astin (1993a) confirms that religious service attendance has a positive effect on emotional health which plays a significant role in academic performance. According to Fiesta, Strange, and Woods (2002), religious well-being, religious faith, and religious practice correlate positively with academic adjustment amongs studrnts. Low and Handal (1995) also found significant positive relationships between religiousness and overall college adjustment, although the effects varied by institution and sex.

Other studies convey inconsistent support for positive relationships between religion/spirituality and academically well-being. In a sample of nearly 300 college students, Schafer (1997) found that individuals who were uncertain about their belief in God had lower levels of distress compared to those expressing either firm belief or no belief. Furthermore, students who regarded religion as important were more distressed from too much activities than those who did not giving those that did not avenues to improve their grade point average. Schafer speculated that students who valued religion experienced conflict with the surrounding secular culture and feelings of guilt, which thereby contributed to their negative emotional states that is unhealthy for academic success.

 

OBJECTIVE OF STUDY

The broad objective of the study is to determine the effect of campus fellowship on the academic performance of students, specifically the study seeks:

1. To determine the extent of religious commitment of students
2. To determine what relationship exists between religious commitment to campus fellowships and academic performance of students
3. To examine how students describe motivational factors that impact their academic performance?

 

RESEARCH QUESTIONS

The Research Question To Guide This Study Are:

1. What is the extent of religious commitment of students?
2. what relationship exists between religious commitment to campus fellowships and academic performance of students?
3. how is motivational factors that impact their academic performance describe by students?

 

SIGNIFICANCE OF STUDY

This research would make a contribution to the body of literature on the subject matter. In addition, identifying other factors that students feel have contributed to or hindered their academic success could provide insight to the educational community regarding ways to assist this student population.

SCOPE OF STUDY

The study investigates the effect of campus fellowships on the academic performance of students. The study uses  university of nassarawa state as a case study.

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