IMPROVING VEGETABLE ROOT SYSTEMS TO INCREASE NITROGEN USE EFFICIENCY

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RESEARCH PROJECT TOPIC ON IMPROVING VEGETABLE ROOT SYSTEMS TO INCREASE NITROGEN USE EFFICIENCY

Abstract

Nitrogen (N) is one of the most important nutrients required for crop production. Application of fertilizer N results in increased growth and higher biomass yields. It directly influences the amino acid composition of protein and thereby nutritional quality of the economic produce. Effects of N fertilization are different in different crops. In cereals, it affects the proportion of amino acids lysine and threonine. Kernel quality and strength increases with increased N which in turn positively affects the milling properties. In oil seeds protein content increases, but has an adverse effect on oil content. Vegetables show varied effects. High N levels produce the firmest fruit with the highest total soluble solids and dry matter content. In fruits, nitrogen affects several quality aspects such as size, shape, color, texture, flavor, and composition. In this chapter, we discuss the effects of N fertilization on crop quality of major crops including food, oilseed, horticultural, and fodder crops. In general, in horticultural crops large amounts of fertilizers are being used to maintain high production levels of quantity and quality. Nitrogen in excess quantities is also toxic and can have adverse effects on the quality of the economic produce. Strategies to increase the crop nitrogen use efficiency, which is low at present, and simultaneously enhance the crop quality are of urgent priority. Understanding the role of nitrogen and its metabolic interaction in crops is an important step toward increasing productivity without compromise on quality. An attempt has been made to outline the effect of N nutrition on crop quality with emphasis on present strategies and future perspectives.

TABLE OF CONTENT

Title Page———i

Certification——–ii

Dedication———iii

Acknowledgement——-iv

Abstract ———vi

Table of Content——–vii

Chapter One

1.0 Introduction ——-1

1.1 Statement of Problem——4

1.2 Purpose of the Study——5

1.3 Significance of Study——8

1.4 Limitation——–9

1.5 Scope of Study——-11

Chapter Two

2.0 Review of Related Literature —-12

2.6 Summary of Literature Review—- 19

Chapter Three

3.0 Research Methodology and Procedure—22

3.1 Population ——–22

3.2 Sample and Sampling Technique—-22

3.3 Validation of the Instrument —-23

3.4 Reliability of the Instrument —–23

3.5 Data Analysis——-23

Chapter Four

4.0 Presentation and Discussion of Result—24

4.1 Analysis and interpretaion of Data—25

4.2 Discussion of Results——38

Chapter Five

5.0 Summary, Conclusion and Recommendation  –40

5.1 Summary——–40

5.2 Conclusion——–41

5.3 Recommendation——42

References ———45

Appendix 1——–47

Appendix ———50

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