Construction Of Steel Cupboard

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CONSTRUCTION OF STEEL CUPBOARD

ABSTRACT

The project topic was constriction of steel cupboard which the primary aim was to enable students know how cupboard can be constructed using steel and the factors to be considered while choosing a particular material for construction.

The construction was carried out by drawing and sketching of the steel cupboard on a drawing paper or tracing paper with the aid of drawing board, T Square, Set-Square, pencil to bring out the clear view of the cupboard. This was followed by the making out process on the metal sheet to achieve precision.

After the making out process, cutting of the material (mild steel) was followed by the size reduce dimensions as measured and marked out. The cutting was carried out by the use of hammer and guill share while the square pipes were act using hard saw.

After the cutting process, the material (mild steel) was bent and folded. This was done to achieve smooth and easy handling of the cupboard without sustaining injury. This was followed by joining of the various component together. This was achieved by electric arc welding. This type of welding was necessary to ascertain strongness and durability of the modern steel cupboard.

Finally, the rollers were also welded to the cupboard and spraying was done by using spraying machine and pant to bring out the retire of the steel cupboard produced

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CHAPTER ONE-

INTRODUCTION

  • BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

An office cupboard is a component designed and constructed with the aim of packing in books, stationeries of other office equipment after daily or weekly usage. This construction can be carried out by using different kinds of engineering materials like wood, polymer composite and metal. The choice of material to be used for a particular construction depends on the quality and characteristics required in a finished components.

A Cupboard is a set of shelves with doors, either built into a room, offices or industries as a fixed or separate piece of furniture used for dishes, provisions, clothing, book shelves etc. the one in which clothes are hung is called hangers. These cupboard used in the libraries and offices for packing book are called book shelves. In the industries, material are stored in cupboard refer to as facility for storage.

The material selection for the construction of any cupboard strongly depends on the properties and purpose the cupboard will serve. Generally, considering all the materials and non-metals have their individual merits. But point to comparison between them will definitely show that in general materials have a lot of advantages over metals.

For example, while many type of metals are suitable for high temperature operation, non steel  such as wood and glass are suitable for lower and limited range of temperature. Metals posses a wider range of chemical stability than non-metals, so it can be said that the obvious advantage of first cost cheapness of non-metallic materials is counseled by other disadvantages of non-0metals, the most glarily of which is the that of narrow applicability. When considering the cost also, the first cost material is even not taken as sufficient indication or which to base the selection of construction materials. The following cost factors among others must be considered. Fabrication cost, installation costs, maintenance costs and cost of replacement. These cost must be considered in the material selection for construction.

Cupboard derive it name and purpose sometimes from the material of construction and also  the shape it takes. Since cupboard built in homes of woods, usually used for hanging clothes, serve the purpose of protecting clothes for dust and other things and so on, they are called hangers. In the offices, books are arranged in a chronological order, files are also arranged inside cupboard for the necessary documents of the institution. Such cupboard are normally refers to as book shelves. This is usually made of metals. Cupboards used for domestic purposes such as keeping of dishes and provisions are usually of wood, and in this case, there is no observation of the operation involved in the construction of metal cupboard. This is because of the soft mnature in the curly off of the excess of the wood during construction. Instead the use of welding, nail is used in the arrangement of different part of cupboard. Another major different better those cupboard made of wood and those made of metal is that wooden cupboard cannot protect the inside in the presence of fire outbreak without getting burnt. But the metal cupboard can protect the things inside it in the presence of fire.

There are several types of metals that can be used for construction. Metals for construction include: Gold, Silver, Bronze and Aluminum, Iron, and steel. There are usually about three types of steel as it constitute the widest use metal. These types include low carbon steel that has about 0.3% carbon, medium carbon steel, that about 0.3% – 0.7% carbon, and high carbon steel that contain 0.7% to 1.7% carbon.

Steel are used in the construction of metal cupboard, because it is soft to cutting, bending and several operations applied to the metal during construction. The galvanized type of steel has a nature of stainless steel and so  does not support rust. Because of this, it is not painted after using it for construction. In the fabrication of sheet of metals, several types of guage are produced. They include Guage 23, guage 20, 18,16, 20, then guage 18, gauge 16, gauge 14 and gauge 12 and 10, 20 has the least thickness, will gauge 10 has the highest thickness. Gauge  18 and gauge 16 are the best type for construction of metal cupboards.

 

However, this project was constructed with a metal precisely mild steel. The mild steel was chosen because it is cheap, has good mechanical and physical properties. Above all, it is the most widely used engineering material. All these appreciable characteristics makes for a component of good service requirement. The metal used (mild steel) is not attached by insects or virals unlike wood when used to construct cupboard for domestic purposes.

Also the plastic(s) is not appropriate for this project because of it’s weak resistance to impacts or loads and hence can slag when packed tools are packed in it. A failure can also occur due to its expansion characteristics at high temperature, and pursue(s).

 

1.1 STEEL AS CONSTRUCTION MATERIAL

Carbon steel is the most common, cheapest and most versatile metal use in industry. It has excellent ductility, permitting may cold forming operations. Steel is also the most willable of all commercial metals. It is two-thirds the weight of lead, three times heavier than aluminum for annealed steel with low carbon (0.2%), tensile strength will be 100,000/b/sq. in cold working can boost strength up to 180,000/b/sq. In higher over the various types of carbon steel have been developed for example structural and pressure vessel steels (divided into flange and fire bar grades). There are only minor metallurgical differences between these types, the major differences are in quality tighter specifications some steels may be fully deoxidized semi killed.

There are a number of standards and specifications for carbon standards and specifications for carbon steel in various from such as bar, pipe and plate. The American society for testing and material publishers specification are many material of construction. The American 100n and steel institute also issues specifications on variety of carbon and alloy steels. The American society of mechanical engineers, the American national standards institute are also active in this area.

The corrosion resistance of steel depends on the formation of an oxide surface file. However, resistance to corrosion is somewhat limit carbon steel should not be used in contact with dilute acids. Between 90% – 98%. It is serviceable at room temperature. Usually steel is not used with hydrochloric, phosphoric or nitric acids when iron contamination is permissible, carbon steel can be used for handling caustic soda up to about 75% and 2120F stress relieving is sometimes necessary to reduces caustic embitterment. Brimnes and sea water corrode steel at a slow rate and the metal can be used where iron contamination is not objective. Also steel is little affected by neutral water or organic chemicals many large water tanks for organic solvents and similar chemicals.

Mild steel is susceptible to stress corrosion cracking in certain environments. The corrosion resistance of the low alloy steels less than 5% of alloying element where the alloying elements are added to improve the mechanical strength and not for corrosion resistance.

1.2 HYDROGEN EMBRITTLEMENT

Hydrogen embitterment is the name given to the loss of ductility caused by absorption and reaction of hydrogen in a metal. It is of particular importance when specifying steels for use in hydrogen reforming plant. Alloy steels have a greater resistance to hydrogen embitterment than the plan carbon steel.

1.3 OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT

The objective of this project cannot be over emphasizes, since by name steel cupboard, it’s uses are obvious. Nevertheless, the steel cupboard helps the user to pack in books in an orderly manner may be alphabetically or by faculties specifically when used in library. This helps to ensure orderliness. It also helps one to identify the particular book he/she wants. In other words, it serves as a storage unit.

With the availability of the cupboard, it is easy for the user or library attendant to take time to search for a particular book either in the office or library.

Also, the construction of steel cupboard as a project topic enables the students to know and study the properties of engineering materials precisely steel as a construction materials as the factors to be considered while choosing a particular material for specific constructions.

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

The study shall provide a technical procedure for the construction of a steel cupboard

It shall also expanciate on the benefit of the use of steel cupboard over the wooden type.

 

SCOPE OF THE STUDY

The study focuses on appraising the construction of steel cupboard.

 

LIMITATION OF THE STUDY

The study was confronted with geographical and logistics constraints

CONSTRUCTION OF STEEL CUPBOARD

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