BIOFILM FORMATION AND ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE IN ISOLATES OF PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA FROM BENUE STATE UNIVERSITY TEACHING HOSPITAL MAKURDI, NIGERIA

BIOFILM FORMATION AND ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE IN ISOLATES OF PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA FROM BENUE STATE UNIVERSITY TEACHING HOSPITAL MAKURDI, NIGERIA

Abstract:

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the biofilm-forming bacteria implicated in infections such as, urinary tract infections, medical device infections, middle ear infections, cystic fibrosis, wounds etc. that pose serious threat to patients, resulting in prolong hospital stay, morbidity and high mortality, with ultimate economic burden and retardation of antibiotics effectiveness. This study determined the biofilm production potential and antimicrobial resistance pattern in isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa from Benue State University Teaching HospitalMakurdi, Nigeria. All suspected Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from samples submitted to the Medical Microbiology Laboratory Unit of the Hospital within a period of six (6) months from August, 2013 to January 2014, were collected, purified and identified using standard microbiological techniques. The distribution of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates (n-81) confirmed were 32(39.51%) from ear swab, 24(29.63%) from urine, 17(20.98%) wound swab, and 8(9.88%). Majority of the isolates 54 (67%) were biofilm positive. The prevalence of biofilm production by Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates in the different samples evaluated were as follows: 44.4% (ear swab), 27.8% (wound swab), 18.5% (urine) and 9.9%(blood). Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates evaluated in this study were resistant to the antipseudomonad agents: 73% to Ticarcillin-Clavulanic acid; 32% to Ceftazidine; 28% to Ciprofloxacin; 26% to Amikacin; 20% to Gentamicin; and 1 % to Imipenem. Statistical analysis showed that there was no significant difference in antibiotics resistance pattern of biofilm producers and non-biofilm producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates. In this study, 36 (44.4%) of the isolates were multidrug resistant (MDR). Resistance to Ciprofloxacin, an indicator antibiotic for multi-drug resistant (MDR) isolates was twenty eight percent (28%). Screening for quinolone resistant gene qnr in the study showed that 4(21.1%) carriedqnrB quinolone resistant genes.

BIOFILM FORMATION AND ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE IN ISOLATES OF PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA FROM BENUE STATE UNIVERSITY TEACHING HOSPITAL MAKURDI, NIGERIA

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