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THE INFLUENCE OF ALCOHOL ON THE PHARMACOKINETICS OF ANTIPYRINE
Abstract:
Alcohol-Drug/Food interaction is a common pharmacokinetic interaction that can cause inter-individual variability in drug kinetics and response by influencing hepatic drug metabolism and related factors. This study was aimed at establishing the influence of alcohol on the pharmacokinetics of antipyrine which has often been used as an index of hepatic metabolising capacity of the individual tested. Eleven healthy Nigerian adult male alcohol consumers, aged 18 – 32 years, and weighing 60 – 80kg, were each given 500mg antipyrine tablets orally. Blood samples were then collected from each subject at times 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 6.0, 8.0, 10.0, 12.0, and 15.0 hours. Plasma antipyrine was extracted by admixing the plasma with methanol and distilled water, centrifugation and filtration. The antipyrine concentrations were then determined by injecting the filtrates into HPLC using reversed phase Bondesil CI8 (0.5um) column, with benzoic acid as internal standard and acetonitrile: acetic acid (1% in water) 35: 65 as mobile phase. The pharmacokinetic parameters of antipyrine in these subjects were compared with those in a comparable group of non-alcohol consumers (the control) using the Students’ “t” test with the following findings: P < 0.05 in the values of the elimination rate constant, the elimination half-life, the systemic (plasma) clearance, the lag time, the area under the drug concentration-time curve (zero to 15 hours and zero to infinity respectively) and the time to attain peak drug concentration. Other pharmacokinetic parameters such as the volume of distribution, the peak plasma drug concentration, the extrapolated plasma drug concentration at zero time, the absorption rate constant and the absorption half life were not significant different in the two populations (P> 0.05). The precision of the method used in the study was checked by manual Peak Height (PH) method of quantitation with precision of 1.1 – 5.5%. This study also showed that alcohol enhances the elimination of antipyrine from the body by increasing its systemic clearance and decreasing its elimination half-life. The results also showed that alcohol does not significantly affect the absorption and distribution of antipyrine in the body
THE INFLUENCE OF ALCOHOL ON THE PHARMACOKINETICS OF ANTIPYRINE
