DETECTION AND MOLECULAR IDENTIFICATION OF MYCOBACTERIUM BOVIS IN CATTLE SLAUGHTERED AT THE TUDUN-WADA ABATTOIR KADUNA, NIGERIA

DETECTION AND MOLECULAR IDENTIFICATION OF MYCOBACTERIUM BOVIS IN CATTLE SLAUGHTERED AT THE TUDUN-WADA ABATTOIR KADUNA, NIGERIA

Abstract:

Bovine tuberculosis (bTb) is an important neglected zoonosis in Nigeria. Though endemic in the country, meat inspection at abattoirs serves as the main surveillance tool of the disease. A study was carried out with the aim of detecting and identifying Mycobacterium bovis from infected cattle slaughtered at the Tudun-Wada abattoir in Kaduna North Local Government Area of Kaduna State. A total of 514 tissue samples were collected from carcasses of cachetic, apparently healthy and animals with suspected tuberculous lesion. The samples were obtained from organs/tissues of the lungs, lymph nodes and small intestines. The samples were processed and examined using the Ziehl Neelsen staining technique. Positive samples to Acid Fast Bacilli (AFB) were subjected to multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction (m-PCR) to identify the species involved. A structured piloted questionnaire was administered to selected stake holders to determine their level of knowledge, attitude and practice to Mycobacterium infection. Results obtained showed that out of 514 tissue samples examined, 56(10.89%) were positive by Ziehl Neelsen staining technique. These positive samples were further subjected to multiplex-PCR, out of which 23(4.4%) samples presented with amplicons similar to Mycobacterium bovis (M. bovis). The results further revealed that the disease had a higher detection rate in female animals (11.77%), than in males (7.14%). There was no significant association established between the sex of the animals sampled and the infection (X2=1.756, P=0.1851). The age of the animals sampled had no significant association with the presence of the infection in the animals sampled (X2=1.627, P=0.4432), but detection of the disease was observed to be higher in animals within age group 5-7 years, than age group 2-4 years, and those above 7 years. Prevalence of bTb based on breed of cattle was 8.8% in White Fulani and 16.54% in Red Bororo breeds respectively, and results showed significant association of the infection to the Red Bororo breed (X2 = 6.269, P = vii 0.0123). Samples that were positive for Acid Fast Bacilli included 3 from Lungs only, 1 from Lymph nodes only, 51 from pooled Lungs and Lymph nodes only and 1 from pooled Lungs, Lymph nodes and Small intestine only. Knowledge of the disease was generally good (72.0%) within the study area. In conclusion, bTb was observed to be present in cattle carcasses destined for human consumption, thus providing useful information on zoonotic risk of bovine tuberculosis in the study area.

DETECTION AND MOLECULAR IDENTIFICATION OF MYCOBACTERIUM BOVIS IN CATTLE SLAUGHTERED AT THE TUDUN-WADA ABATTOIR KADUNA, NIGERIA

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