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SEMEN CHARACTERISTICS, GONADAL SPERM RESERVES AND HAEMATOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF RABBIT BUCKS FED DIETS SUPPLEMENTED WITH ALLIUM SATIVUM (GARLIC)
Abstract:
This study was designed to evaluate the effects of crude Allium sativum (garlic) in diets of rabbit bucks on semen characteristics, haematological parameters, serum and antioxidant enzymes, sperm reserves and histopathology. Twenty one (21) 10.0 ± 2.1 months old bucks, with average body weight of 1.74 ± 0.1 kg were used for this study. Bucks were randomly divided into 3 groups of 7 bucks each. Group A were fed normal rabbit diet without garlic and served as control, group B and C received 2.5% and 5.0% garlic in diets respectively. The bucks were allowed to acclimatize for 49 days, before the commencement of the study, during which semen, blood samples and live weight were taken to establish a base line data. During the study, which lasted for 63 days, semen samples were collected weekly between the hours of 8.00-10.00am using artificial vagina (AV) for evaluation. Blood samples were also collected weekly for haematological evaluation. On the 62nd day of the study, 3mls of blood was collected through the marginal ear venepuncture from each buck into a non EDTA sample bottle for serum and antioxidant enzymes assay. Three bucks from each group were humanely slaughtered and the testes and liver samples were harvested for sperm reserves and histological examinations. Data generated were analysed using Graph Pad Prism version 5.0, repeated measure one way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to test for differences between groups, followed by Turkey‟s multiple comparison test. Values of P < 0.05 were considered significant. There were no significant (P > 0.05) differences in mean live weight among the groups of bucks. The results of semen analysis showed, no significant (P > 0.05) difference in volume, pH, motility, % live spermatozoa and % abnormal sperms between control (group A) and treatment groups (B and C). However, the mean spermatozoa concentration significantly (P < 0.05) increased in the treated viii groups in a dose dependent manner from week 3-9 of the study. Packed Cell Volume (PCV), Haemoglobin concentration and Red Blood Cell (RBC) counts were reduced, while blood protein were slighly increased in the treatment groups (B and C) in a dose dependent manner. Serum Alanine Transaminase (ALT), Aspartate Transaminase (AST) and Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels were (39.33±3.92a; 29.00±4b; 27.71±3.23b), (42.50±11.19a; 21.86±4.01b; 18.43±5.04b) and (41.57±3.79a; 37.67±3.69a; 26.26±3.31b) respectively. Similarly, antioxidant enzymes showed a dose dependent increase in Superoxide dismutase (1.66±0.08a; 2.06±0.08b; 2.08±0.11b), Catalase (40.83±2.40; 41.71±1.02; 44.57±1.10) and Glutathione Peroxidase (44.57±1.31; 49.29±1.44; 48.33±1.41) respectively, while Malondialdehyde levels were (1.81±0.08a; 1.57±0.07ab; 1.40±0.07b) respectively. Testicular and epididymal, weight and length did not differ significantly (P > 0.05) among the groups. However, there was significant (P < 0.05) increase in the sperm reserves of the left testis (123.00±22.00a; 143.50±3.50a; 289.50±26.50b). Both left (244.50±16.5a; 472.50±117b; 538.5±89.5b) and right (216.50±12a; 403.50±74b; 477.00±32b) epididymal sperm reserves were significantly (P < 0.05) different. In both testis and epididymis reserves, we observed an increased number of sperm cells in the left than the right, also there were increased number of sperm cells within the lumen of seminiferous tubules in the treatment groups compared to the control . There was no obvious histopathological lesion observed in both liver and testes of the control and treatment groups. It was concluded from the study that A. sativum at 2.5 and 5.0 % inclusion rates improved sperm output in rabbit bucks
SEMEN CHARACTERISTICS, GONADAL SPERM RESERVES AND HAEMATOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF RABBIT BUCKS FED DIETS SUPPLEMENTED WITH ALLIUM SATIVUM (GARLIC)
