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THE EFFECT OF AQUEOUS LEAF EXTRACT OF Psidium guajava (GUAVA) ON ALCOHOL INDUCED LIVER DAMAGE IN ADULT WISTAR RATS.
Abstract:
Plants are an important source of medicine, and the plant Psidium guajava has been used for the treatment and management of different aliments including liver diseases. This study was designed to investigate the effect of aqueous leaf extract of Psidium guajava on alcohol induced liver damage. 50adult Wistar rats were used for the experiment.The experimental animals were randomly divided into ten groups, each group comprised of 5 rats. The experiment was divided into 2 protocols; protocols A and B. Protocol A was for hepatoprotective study, comprising 7 groups while protocol B was for curative study comprising 3 groups. Absolute ethanol was used to induce liver damage in the Wistar rats. In the hepatoprotective study, group 1 rats were administered distilled water (5mg/kg b/w) orally daily for 7 days. Group-2 rats were administered ethanol 6000mg/kg b/w orally as a single application on the day 7. Group-3 rats were administered 100mg/kg b/w of silymarin daily for 7days plus 6000mg/kg b/w of ethanol on day 7 orally. Group-4 rats were administered 800mg/kg b/w of aqueous extract of Psidium guajava orally for 7 days. Group-5 rats were administered 300mg/kg b/w of aqueous extract of Psidium guajava orally for 7 days plus 6000mg/kg b/w single dose of ethanol on day 7. Group-6 rats were administered 500mg/kg b/w of aqueous extract of Psidium guajavaorally for 7days plus 6000mg/kg b/w single dose of ethanol on day 7. Group-7 rats were administered 800mg/kg b/w of aqueous extract of Psidium guajava orally for 7 days plus 6000mg/kg b/w of single dose of ethanol on day 7. In the curative study, group-8 rats were administered 6000mg/kg b/w single dose ethanol on day 1. Group-9 rats were administered 6000mg/kg b/w single dose ethanol on day 1 plus 500mg/kg b/w aqueous extract of Psidium guajava for 3 days. Group-3 rats were administered 6000mg/kg b/w single dose ethanol on day 1 plus vii 800mg/kg b/w aqueous extract of Psidium guajava for 3 days. In the hepatoprotective study, the liver function test analysis, Alanine Amino transaminase, Aspartate Amino transaminase and Alkaline Phosphatase (ALT, AST and ALP), AST showed statistically significant (p<0.001) increase in groups 3, 4 and 5. The oxidative stress markers, Catalase, Superoxide Dismutase and Lipid Peroxidation (CAT, SOD and LOP), CAT showed significant (p<0.001) increase in group 4, SOD showed significant (p<0.01) decreased in groups 2 and 5. Haematological indices showed significant increase in Red Blood Cell count (RBC) and Haemoglobin count (HGB) in group 2, significant (p<0.001) increase in group RBC and platelet count in group 4, significant (p<0.001) increase in RBC, HGB and platelet count in groups 6 and 7. Neutrophil count significantly (p<0.001) increased in groups 2, 4, 5 and 7. Lymphocyte count significantly (p<0.001) decreased in groups 2, 5 and 7. In the curative study, ALP was significantly (p<0.005) increased in group 10, WBC was significantly increased in groups 9 and 10, and RBC was significantly (p<0.01) increased in group in group 10. The histological study revealed almost normal hepatic architecture in all the groups except in Groups 2 and 4 (in the hepatoprotective study) and group 8 (in the curative study) which showed necrosis, mild oedema and congestion. Glycogen deposit was decreased in all the treatment groups in both protocols. The administration of aqueous extract of Psidium guajava significantly protected and restored tissue damage caused by ethanol and it can also be used as a blood booster.
THE EFFECT OF AQUEOUS LEAF EXTRACT OF Psidium guajava (GUAVA) ON ALCOHOL INDUCED LIVER DAMAGE IN ADULT WISTAR RATS.
