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An Evaluation of the Impact of HIV/AIDS Prevention Communication Strategies on Behavioral Pattern of Youths in Kaduna Metropolis
Abstract:
Media campaigns have dominated health communication and behaviour change interventions, using a variety of strategies to reach the audience. Close contacts with the focal individuals, also referred to as opinion leaders, contribute to effective campaigns. Prevention is the main goal of various HIV/AIDS communication interventions. Of the over 2 billion people globally, 5.4 million are living with HIV. Nigeria records over one thousand new HIV/AIDS cases of infection daily with the prevalence rate of over 60% occurring among youths between the ages of 24-36 years. Statistics has shown that Kaduna state with a population of over 7 million people had over 5.1 percent infected with HIV/AIDS that is about 300,000 people are infected with HIV/AIDS with a significant proportion of this population youths. This study focuses on how HIV/AIDS campaign has been utilised to control the spread of the virus in Kaduna metropolis. The objectives include to examine the channels of communication used for HIV/AIDS campaign in Kaduna metropolis, the influence of HIV/AIDS campaign on sexual bahaviour among inhabitants of Kaduna metropolis, to determine the weaknesses of the HIV/AIDS campaign messages used in Kaduna metropolis, to find out the relevance of HIV/AIDS campaign messages in Kaduna metropolis and to ascertain how messages on HIV/AIDS help to control its spread in Kaduna metropolis. Relevant literature was reviewed from conceptual and empirical sources, while the Health Belief Model was used as a theory for this study. Survey and in-depth interview were used as research design while structured questionnaire and interview schedule were used as instruments of data collection. The population of the study was drawn from Kaduna metropolis, while purposive and accidental sampling techniques were used to draw 200 sample size for the study. In addition, three members of staff of Kaduna State Agency for the Control of AIDS and another two from Society for Family Health were interviewed. After a descriptive and inferential data analysis, it was found out that despite the campaign against the spread of the disease, 45.5% and 28.5% of the respondents indicated that there is still high rate of it in the metropolis. It was recommended that more attention should be given to radio, interpersonal channels and the campaign should be increased in the local government areas within Kaduna, in order to curb the spread of the virus.
An Evaluation of the Impact of HIV/AIDS Prevention Communication Strategies on Behavioral Pattern of Youths in Kaduna Metropolis
