THE EFFECT OF RATE, TIME AND METHOD OF NITROGEN APPLICATION ON THE PERFORMANCE OF GRAIN SORGHUM (Sorghun b i c o l o r L. Moench) HYBRID SSH5 (SAMSORG 31)

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THE EFFECT OF RATE, TIME AND METHOD OF NITROGEN APPLICATION ON THE PERFORMANCE OF GRAIN SORGHUM (Sorghun b i c o l o r L. Moench) HYBRID SSH5 (SAMSORG 31)

Abstract:

A field experiment was conducted during the wet season of 1985 on the I n s t i t u t e for Agricultural Research Farm at Samaru, Zaria, to study the effect of rate, time, and method of nitrogen application on the performance of grain sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) hybrid SSH5 (Samsorg 31) and to also evaluate the nitrogen f e r t i l i z e r Use that would result in improvement of i t ‘s performance• Nitrogen f e r t i l i z a t i o n in sorghum significantly increased plant height, stem diameter, number of internodes per plant and t o t a l number of leaves per plant but reduced the number of days to 50 per cent flowering. Yield parameters and yield components that were increased by nitrogen application include grain yield, stover yield, weight of grains per panicle, 1000-grain weight, panicle length, number of primary branches in panicle, threshing percentage, total dry matter production, grain protein yield, and number of functional leaves at 14 and 16 weeks after; sowing (WAS). However, nitrogen application had no significant effect on number of plants per square metre, number of panicles per square metre, weight per panicle, grain number per paniclen total length of ear, grain; stover r a t i o , harvest index, number of days to hard dough stage, number of days to grain f i l l i n g , number of functional (green) leaves at 10, 1?, and 18 WAS, and t o t a l nitrogen and crude protein content of grains due to the moderate i n i t i a l nitrogen status of the soil of the experimental s i t e . Application of 120 kg N/ha resulted in significantly higher yields than did the application of 30 kg N/ha “but not that of 60 kg N/ha with respect to grain and stover yields in sorghum. Method of nitrogen application had no significant effecton all plant growth parameters, yield and yield attributes considered but the broadcast method of nitrogen application appeared to be slightly superior to that of the groove method of application. This may be attributed to uniform application of fertilizer which resulted in efficient utilization of nitrogen by the crop. With timing of nitrogen application on sorghum, significant effect was observed with respect to number of days to hard dough stage, stover yield, panicle length, total length of ear, number of primary branches in panicle, total dry matter production, and panicle dry weight per plant at physiological maturity, but no significant effect was observed on other growth, yield and yield components considered in this study. Application of nitrogen in two equal splits at three and eight weeks after Bowing was however, beneficial in terms of grain yield. For the attainment of high grain yield in serghum hybrid SSH5, up to 60 kg N/ha should be broadcasted and split applied, half dose at three weeks and remaining half at eight weeks after sowing.

THE EFFECT OF RATE, TIME AND METHOD OF NITROGEN APPLICATION ON THE PERFORMANCE OF GRAIN SORGHUM (Sorghun b i c o l o r L. Moench) HYBRID SSH5 (SAMSORG 31)

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