EFFECT OF SHELTERBELTS ON SOIL MOISTURE AND TEMPERATURE REGIMES OF SOILS AT DAMBATTA(KANO STATE) NIGERIA

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EFFECT OF SHELTERBELTS ON SOIL MOISTURE AND TEMPERATURE REGIMES OF SOILS AT DAMBATTA(KANO STATE) NIGERIA

Abstract:

Any accelerated increase in world food production depends on the improvement of agriculture in the tropical and sub-tropical regions of the world. To achieve these objectives, there must be an adequate relationship between forest belts and arable lands. The influence of forests on the amelioration of adverse weather conditions in adjacent farmlands was examined at Dambatta in Kano State of Nigeria by measuring the surface wind speed, air and soil temperatures, soil moisture storage and crop yield in sheltered and unsheltered farmlands. The results showed that shelterbelts improved the weather condition of farmlands in the area through the reduction of surface wind speed immediately behind the shelterbelt by an average of 20.8%. With increased distances from belt, percentage wind reduction decreased to about 5.2% at a distance of 300m. away from the belt, The observed air temperature of 34.7C and 35.6’C in the protected areas 20m away from the belt in sites 1 and II respectively were higher than the corresponding figures of 34.4.C and 34.C in the open farmland. The mean soil temperatures at the depth of 5cm were 35.7.C and 36.6.C on sites 1 and II respectively immediately behind the belts and 35.C and 35.8.C in the open sides. The total soil moisture storage to a depth of 100cm on the protected land was higher than in the unprotected area. It averaged 533.6mm for site 1 and 554.7 for site II were 502mm and 491. 2mm respectively. The mean yield of millet on site 1 at 40m from the belt was significantly higher (1% level) than the mean yield at other distances. For site II, yield was significantly higher (5% level) than the mean yield at other distances from the belt.

EFFECT OF SHELTERBELTS ON SOIL MOISTURE AND TEMPERATURE REGIMES OF SOILS AT DAMBATTA(KANO STATE) NIGERIA

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