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EFFECT OF VARIETY, IRRIGATION INTERVAL AND PHOSPHORUS LEVEL ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF CHICKPEA (Cicer arietinum L.)
Abstract:
Replicated field experiments were conducted at the Kadawa Irrigation Research Station (11o39 ‘N, 08o02 ‘E and 500m above sea level) located in the Sudan savanna ecological zone of Nigeria during the 1995/96 and 1996/97 dry seasons. The aim was to study the effect of irrigation interval (5,10,15 and 20 day) and phosphorus level (0,11 and 22kgP/ha) on growth and yield of three chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) varieties. The results revealed that the three varieties significantly differed in all of the growth parameters assessed with K850 having an edge over the other two varieties although the differences were not significant in both trials. The effect of irrigation was inconsistent and less-marked. Stand count, numbers of branches per plant and nodes per main branch were significantly influenced by varying irrigation interval at 10 WAS in 1995/96 trial. Number of leaves per plant was also significant at same period in 1996/97 trial. In both trials where the effect of irrigation was significant, 10-day interval produced significantly higher values of these parameters than other intervals due to the moderate moisture regime. Phosphorus application did not significantly affect growth parameters except crop dry weight and number of leaves per plant at 8 WAS in 1996/97 trial. In terms of yield and it attributes, variety K850 out- yielded ICCV1 and C235 with respect to pod diameter, 100-seed weight and also pod and grain yields in both trials. Shelling percentage (1996/97) and number of seeds per pod (1995/96) were also significantly influenced by variety. Different irrigation treatments also resulted in varying significant effects on shelling percentage, pod and grain yields in 1996/97 trials with 10-day irrigation being superior to other intervals. However, none of the yield parameters was significantly influenced by irrigation in 1995/96 trial. Also, phosphorus application at 11 kgP/ha resulted in significantly higher shelling percentage, pod and grain yields than other levels in 1996/97 trial. The effect of phosphorus on other yield parameters was not significant in both trials. Significant and positive correlations (P=0.01) were observed between chickpea grain yield and plant height, number of branches per plant and number of leaves per plant in 1995/96 trial; while 100-seed weight was significantly correlated with grain yield in 1996/97 trial only. Crop dry weight was significantly and positively correlated (P = 0.01) with grain yield in both trials. The study showed that K850 significantly outyielded C235 and ICCV1 and 10-day irrigation appeared to be suitable for chickpea production. Phosphorus fertilization at 11 kgP/ha was found to be optimum for the growth and yield of the crop.
EFFECT OF VARIETY, IRRIGATION INTERVAL AND PHOSPHORUS LEVEL ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF CHICKPEA (Cicer arietinum L.)
