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’FORTUNE PALMS’’ A VIDEO DOCUMENTARY PROJECT ON PALM OIL PRODUCTION IN RISONPALM UBIMA
ABSTRACT
This study is using the medium of video documentary to examine the production process for the extraction of palm oil, with special focus on Risonpalm, Obima, Ekwerre Local Government Area, Rivers state. The study has been motivated by the desire to fully document for proper understanding by the public, the economic potentials of the oil palm.
Chapter one this study examines the background to the work as well as addresses issues related to scope of study, justification of study, research methodology and definition of terms. In chapter two, I examine both the literatures dealing with the documentary as a film format as well as that dealing with the economic potentials of the oil palm. Chapter three deals with a presentation of the research report while chapter four provides the technical report for the video documentary. Chapter five deals with production problems with recommendations.
TABLE OF CONTENT
TITLE PAGE
CERTIFICATION
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
ABSTRACT
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF STUDY
1.2 SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS
1.3 JUSTIFICATION OF STUDY
1.4 RESEARCH OF METHODOLOGY
1.5 DEFINITION OF TERMS
1.6 SUMMARY
CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 INTRODUCTION
2.2 LITERATURE REVIEW
2.3 SUMMARY
CHAPTER THREE: RESEARCH REPORT
3.1 INTRODUCTION
3.2 RESEARCH REPORT
3.3 NARRATION SCRIPT
3.4 SUMMARY
CHAPTER FOUR: TECHNICAL REPORT
4.1 INTRODUCTION
4.2 PLANNING/ BUDGET ESTIMATE
4.3 EXPENDITURES ON THE VIDEO DOCUMENTARY
4.4 LOCATION
4.5 PRODUCTION
4.6 EDITING SCRIPT
4.7 SUMMARY
CHAPTER FIVE
PROBLEMS ENCOUNTERED AND RECOMMENDATIONS
5.1 PROBLEMS ENCOUNTERED
5.2 RECOMMENDATIONS
WORK CITED
FILMOGRAPHY
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTON
1.0 Introduction
Oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) is an annual field crop. The oil palm is a tree, which comes into fruit 4 – 6 years transplanting and may continue to bear fruit for 50 years. It is an important source of two distinct types of oil, namely palm oil and palm kernel oil. Oil palm gives a higher yield of oil per unit area than any other crop. Palm oil is obtained from the fleshy, orange mesocarp of the fruit, which contain 45 – 5% oil, and palm kernel oil is obtained from the kernel or endosperm (after it has been removed from the stony endocarp), which contain 50% oil.
The oil palm is a member of the subfamily tree of coconut, which grows up to 30m tall, with a stout-trunk, covered with persistent leaf bases. Heat banes are persistent for years and prominent leaf scars are arranged spirally on the trunks mature palms where have fallen. The crown contains 30 – 50 leaves producing about 20 – 40 leaves per year. Old or dead leaves snap and remain attached on wild palm but are pruned off to facilitate harvest in plantations. (Onwueme 365)
Today, many products can be gotten from both types of oil. About 10% of palm is used for none-food products primarily in soaps and detergents, candle, in rubber processing, cosmetics, lubricants and glycerol. A high protein livestock feed is derived from pressing cake. Mixed with kerosene the palm kernel oil is used as a furniture polish and sometimes also in traditional medicine.
Palm wine is produced from the sap obtained by tapping the male inflorescence. The fresh sap is sweet as it contain about 4.3g/100ml sucrose and 3.4g/100ml glucose. It ferments quickly to produce a more piquant drink. The drink has a milky flocculants appearance caused mainly by suspended yeast cell and a slightly sulphurous odour. It is an important source of the B vitamins in the diet of those who drink it. (Onwueme 364) the trunks can be made into particleboard for construction. The waste from processing fruit to oil, empty fruit bunches, particulates and sludge from liquid waste, fruit shells and fibers is commonly applied to the ground as mulch and fertilizer.
The impact of palm oil on human health is controversial. It carries a negative connotation due to its saturated fat content (about 50%). Despite the common perception that palm oil is unhealthy, it contains no cholesterol and has less than 1.5% of short chain fatty acid that are harmful to health. Palm oil contain over 500pm of carotenoids which have cancer fighting properties, red palm oil contain about 80% of the carotenoids. Palm oil contain more tocopherol and tocotrienols than any other vegetable oil. These compounds are related to vitamin E. Red palm oil is increasing in popularity as it contains large quantities of carotenoids. About 90% of the palm oil produced finds its way into food products with industries uses accounting for the remaining 10%. (Onwueme 364)
Palm kernel oil is obtained from the seed (the Kernel or endsperm) which contains about 505 of oil. It is white or pale yellow with iodine numbers in the range of 14 – 22. It has a high proportion of saturated acids, which it is readily interchangeable. It is used as cooking oil or edible fat in bakey. Oil extraction is a complex process carried out by large mills that may process up to 60 tons of fruit per hour, or by small-scale mills in rural villages that produce only about 1 ton of oil in an 8-hour shift. This study entail the production of a video documentary on the economic values of oil palm, with special emphasis on Risonpalm, Ubima, Rivers state.
1.1 BACKGROUND OF STUDY
Many people world over make use of the palm oil. One of the finished product of the oil palm tree which is red in color and which is my area of concentration although I will make references to it in many other aspects. Nigeria is the third largest world producer of palm oil with approximately 6% of world palm oil volume. This study deals with palms oil generally, but my focus is on Risompalm in Rivers state, Nigeria. Risonpalm is a company that takes care of the production of palm oil in commercial quantities. Both palm kernel and palm oil are both useful to humans. To get these products out, a little work has to be done either through mechanical extraction process or through traditional process. The effect of all these is to get the oil out. Risonpalm have mills that extract the oil. They also have large tanks where these are also stored.
A lot of authorities have written about this wonderful oil palm tree. Its advantages to man in general, but I have not come across any video documentary film that has to do with the processes of extraction of its produce from the tree, which is what my intension is to put the various process of extraction on video film documentary.
1.2 SCOPES AND LIMITATION
As stated in above, this work is narrowed does to Nigeria though references will be made to other countries where there is need for these produce, and where they are also produced. Essentially, however, the focus of this study is on Risonpalm, River state. As a video documentary film, we are bound to be faced with logistics problems although I do not expect the sail to be smooth and stress free. As a student however, attempts are made to cover the topic to the best of my ability, thereby talking extensively about the type of mechanized extraction done in Risonpalm, which forms the background of this work.
1.3 JUSTIFICATION OF STUDY
There has been this desire to find out how oil is gotten from oil palm tree. There are local methods of extracting oil from the palm tree although the rate of production with the local method is slower. Deep down in me, I have always wanted to know how oil is gotten from the palm nut. It has always been my desire to know it is done in somuch large quantity. A lot have been said about the finished products. Through the help of the video documentary, the processes of palm oil extraction will be clearer to the layman. I wish to use the documentary film format to bring out these processes.
It is imperative that I mention that my interest in the process of mechanized extraction of palm oil from the palm fruit, and the different processes involved before the oil becomes suitable for human comsuption, is the sole purpose of my embarking on this study. It is my humble desire that by the time this project is completed a lot of knowledge would have been gained with respect to how palm oil is extracted.
1.4 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
The procedure through which I got my material for this project is in different forms. Most of my written materials were obtained from books from Rivers state University of Science and Technology. I also revived articles on palm oil production as well as those of the video film industry in Nigeria.
1.5 DEFINITION OF TERMS
From the purpose of understanding this work, I should like to define the operative, terms, which I will be using frequently in this study. The terms are ‘’pulp’’, ‘’palm oil’’, extraction’’, ‘’Mill’, and ‘’process’’ ‘’pulp’’: This is the oil obtained from the fruit of the palm tree.
Extraction: The process of removing something with effort.
MILL: Is a building filled with machinery for processing materials of a particular type.
Process: This is the task of removing the oil from the pulp of the palm fruit. It is done in different stages.
1.6 SUMMARY
This chapter introduces the subject matter of this study, which deals with the production process of extracting palm oil and other end products from the palm tree, with special emphasis on Rsonpalam Ubima, Rivers state. I have equally given reason for the importance of the study, the research method adopted for the work, and its scope and limitations. I have also defined some of the terms, which I have used regularly in this study.
’FORTUNE PALMS’’ A VIDEO DOCUMENTARY PROJECT ON PALM OIL PRODUCTION IN RISONPALM UBIMA
