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ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE HEALTHCARE CHATBOT SYSTEM
ABSTRACT
Through chatbots, one can communicate with text or voice interface and get reply through artificial intelligence. Typically, a chat bot will communicate with a real person. Chatbots are used in applications such as e-commerce customer service, call centers and Internet gaming. Chatbots are programs built to automatically engage with received messages. Chatbots can be programmed to respond the same way each time, to respond differently to messages containing certain keywords, and even to use machine learning to adapt their responses to fit the situation. A developing number of hospitals, nursing homes, and even private centres, presently utilize online Chatbots for human services on their sites. These bots connect with potential patients visiting the site, helping them discover specialists, booking their appointments, and getting them access to the correct treatment. In any case, the utilization of artificial intelligence in an industry where individuals’ lives could be in question, still starts misgivings in individuals. It brings up issues about whether the task mentioned above ought to be assigned to human staff. This healthcare chatbot system will help hospitals to provide healthcare support online 24 x 7, it answers deep as well as general questions. It also helps to generate leads and automatically delivers the information of leads to sales. By asking the questions in series it helps patients by guiding what exactly he/she is looking for.
CHAPTER ONE
Introduction
1.1 Background
Artificial intelligence (AI) is an umbrella term for computer software consisting of a complex mathematical algorithm that processes input information to produce any specific pre-defined outputs, which lead to relevant outcomes (Tom Nadarzynski et al 2019). AI has been applied in medicine and various healthcare
services such as diagnostic imaging and genetic diagnosis, as well as clinical laboratory, screening, and health communications (Muse et al 2019). Artificial intelligence is now at its peak and chatbot is just one example of its use to contribute to progress (Strong 2016).
Chatbots, as part of AI devices, are natural language processing systems acting as virtual conversational agents mimicking human interactions (Mason 2006).
Generally, chatbots communicate with real people. Chatbots are used in applications such as e-commerce customer service, call centers and internet games (Baum 2015). However, with a chatbot, one can communicate with a text or voice interface and get responses through artificial intelligence (ibid 2015). Chatbots are programs designed to automatically involve received messages (Ivanovic & Semnic 2020).
Numerous hospitals, nursing homes, and even private health centers are currently using online chatbots to provide human services on their sites (Benilda 2015).. These chatbots connect with potential patients who visit the site, help them find experts, schedule appointments, and get them the right treatment (Brinkel, Kramer, Krumkamp, May, & Fobil, 2014).
1.2 Problem Statement
The absence of a well established information system to serve patient and staff has led to inconveniences. This has tantamount to the loss of patient and staff records. This is basically because of the weakness of the existing system which includes over reliance on paper based work. Paper files consume a lot of the office space, slow recording, processing and retrieval of patient details. Accessing and sharing of information by different departments is difficult due to poor information management. The development of a Chatbot system will provide a safe solution to this problem, as Chatbot systems provide an interactive communication medium between the health worker and the patient. Therefore, it is very essential to conduct a reach focusing on the design of a healthcare chatbot system.
1.3 Research Objectives
The main objective of this study was to design and implement a Artificial Intelligence Healthcare CHATBOT System. The study aimed to gather requirements for the design and development of an interactive Chatbot healthcare system.
1.4 Scope of the Study
The study focused on the design and implement a Artificial Intelligence Healthcare CHATBOT System.
The designed Chatbot was limited to decision making. It was programmed in a way that it only knows what it was taught. The Chatbot has a feature for human handover which was left for decision making.
The designed Chatbot had the answers to the queries which are available in the system only, it cannot research for new topics on the web unless it is trained.
1.5 Significance of the Study
The study will help health service providers to get accurate timely health data from users to monitor and plan based on health interventions by formulating a policy that will favor users to use Chatbot to get non-communicable diseases health information. Additionally, the study will provide the opportunity to monitor and anticipate customer behaviour more closely since the conversations between them and the Chatbot can be analysed more extensively.
With regard to the knowledge gap in the area, the findings of the study contributed to widening the experience of health literacy on non-communicable diseases.
1.6 Definition of Key Terms and Concepts
Artificial Intelligence
Artificial intelligence (AI) is an area of computer science that emphasizes the creation of intelligent machines that work and react like humans. Some of the activities computers with artificial intelligence are designed for include: Speech recognition, Learning, Planning, Problem-solving (Techopedia, 2015).
Machine Learning
Machine learning is the science of getting computers to act without being explicitly programmed. It is an application of artificial intelligence (AI) that provides systems the ability to automatically learn and improve from experience without being explicitly programmed. Machine learning focuses on the development of computer programs that can access data and use it to learn and train themselves.
In the past decade, machine learning has given us self-driving cars, practical speech recognition, effective web search, and a vastly improved understanding of the human genome. Machine learning is so pervasive today that you probably use it dozens of times a day without knowing it. Many researchers also think it is the best way to make progress towards human-level A.I (Sytems, 2014).
Natural Language Processing
Natural language processing (NLP) is a branch of artificial intelligence that helps computers understand, interpret and manipulate human language. NLP draws from many disciplines, including computer science and computational linguistics, in its pursuit to fill the gap between human communication and computer understanding (Sadiq, 2016).
Chatbot
A Chatbot can be defined as a computer program-controlled conversational agent that is created to simulate intelligent human language interaction through text or speech by interacting with user’s using natural language in a manner that approximate regular conversation between human (Bill et al. 2013).
