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NUTRITIONAL STATUS AND PREVALENCE OF SOIL TRANSMITTED HELMINTHIASIS; A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF CHILDREN CARED FOR AT HOME AND THOSE WHO ATTEND EARLY CHILD CARE CENTRES IN BENIN CITY, EDO STATE, NIGERIA.
Abstract
Background: The early childhood period and development needs adequate nutritional care and attention. Globally, adequate nutrition remains unmet for many children under-five years resulting in poor health and development from early in life. This study assessed and compared the nutritional status and prevalence of soil transmitted helminthiasis (STH) in children cared for at home and those who attended early child care centres (ECCCs). Determinants of nutritional status are highlighted. The level of implementation of the prescribed minimum standard guideline by ECCCs was also assessed.
Methodology: This comparative cross sectional study was carried out among 1088 children and their caregivers using a multi stage sampling technique. All the 521 teachers in the 117 ECCCs were studied. Data was analyzed using IBM SPSS 21 and the level of significance was set at p<0.05.
Results: A higher proportion (56.6%) of the children aged 24-36 months were cared for at home while 30.3% of the children aged 48 – 59 months attended ECCCs. More children cared for at home {114 (20.8%) were stunted compared with the children who attended ECCCs (14.5%). Attendance at ECCC was identified as a risk factor for soil transmitted helminthiasis and this was statistically significant. The prevalence of helminthiasis was higher among children who attended ECCCs (31.2%) compared with children cared for at home (19.2%). The level of implementation was good in 13.7% of the ECCCs, fair in 43.3% and poor in 39.3% of the centres.
Conclusion: Majority of the children in the two study groups had normal nutritional status. However, more children cared for at home were underweight, wasted and had lower BMI compared with the children who attended ECCCs. Determinants of nutritional status identified in this study were age of children (12 – 24 months) and attendance at ECCC. The
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prevalence of helminthiasis was higher in children who attended ECCC compared with children cared for at home (31.2% vs 19.7% respectively). The level of implementation of the national minimum standard guideline was low.
Recommendation: Caregivers should always ensure that they give their children adequate nutrition always and encourage their children to wash their hands regularly in order to reduce the risk of transmitting helminthic infections. There should be strict enforcement of the guideline in the ECCCs through regular monitoring and evaluation.
Title Page———i
Certification——–ii
Dedication———iii
Acknowledgement——-iv
Abstract ———vi
Table of Content——–vii
Chapter One
1.0 Introduction ——-1
1.1 Statement of Problem——4
1.2 Purpose of the Study——5
1.3 Significance of Study——8
1.4 Limitation——–9
1.5 Scope of Study——-11
Chapter Two
2.0 Review of Related Literature —-12
2.6 Summary of Literature Review—- 19
Chapter Three
3.0 Research Methodology and Procedure—22
3.1 Population ——–22
3.2 Sample and Sampling Technique—-22
3.3 Validation of the Instrument —-23
3.4 Reliability of the Instrument —–23
3.5 Data Analysis——-23
Chapter Four
4.0 Presentation and Discussion of Result—24
4.1 Analysis and interpretaion of Data—25
4.2 Discussion of Results——38
Chapter Five
5.0. Summary, Conclusion, and Recommendation –40
5.1 Summary——–40
5.2 Conclusion——–41
5.3 Recommendation——42
References ———45
Appendix 1——–47
Appendix ———50
