ASSESSMENT OF THE BLOOD PRESSURE STATUS, ANTHROPOMETRIC AND LIFE STYLE CHARACTERISTIC OF ADULTS IN KONDUGA, BORNO STATE.

ASSESSMENT OF THE BLOOD PRESSURE STATUS, ANTHROPOMETRIC AND LIFE STYLE CHARACTERISTIC OF ADULTS IN KONDUGA, BORNO STATE.

Abstract

INTRODUCTION
Hypertension is a common non communicable disease that is associated with a lot of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Different lifestyles and anthropometric indices have been linked with increased risk of hypertension in different parts of the world. The motivation for this study was to fill up a gap in our knowledge on the frequency and associated anthropometric and lifestyle factors of hypertension in adults of predominantly Kanuri ethnicity in a Konduga community.
METHODOLOGY
This is a cross sectional descriptive study in which Residents of Konduga town was sampled for the study aimed at detecting hypertension using a multistage/cluster sampling methods. All of the consenting adults aged 18 years and above who presented at the designated sites of the examinations constituted the study population. Those with severe or debilitating diseases or physical deformities that will render height measurement inaccurate were excluded. Participants themselves assisted by trained field officers filled the questionnaire that had questions on their demographic characteristics and lifestyle practices such as cigarette smoking and alcohol use. Physical measurements of height, weight, hip and waist circumferences and blood pressures were recorded for each of the participants. Data generated were analysed using SPSS version 16 software and tests of significance at p < 0.05 were done.
RESULTS
Three hundred and thirty-two adults who were made up of males (179 (53.9%) and females (153 (46.1%) participated in the study. The ages of the participants ranged from 18 to 74 years with a mean age of 33.9 + 12.7 years. The study group had a mean body weight of 68.5 + 15.1kg, mean height of 1.65 + 13.1meter, and mean body mass index of 25.7kg/m2. Cigarette smoking and the use of alcohol among the study participants were infrequent at the rates of about 6% and 1.5% respectively. About ninety eight percent of the respondents ingested at least a serving of fruits and vegetable per week while conscious efforts at dietary salt restriction was uncommon as 24 (7.7%) of the study participants indicated. Hypertension was detected in 74 (22.2%) individuals with males having a higher percentage. The study group had a mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure of 127 + 20.1 mmHg and 83.1+ 12.8 mmHg respectively. Increasing age, overweight and obesity, abnormally high waist to hip ratio and regular ingestion of kola nuts were found to be associated with hypertension, while high hip circumferences were protective against hypertension. Waist circumference, physical activity, use of alcohol and cigarette smoking were not found to be associated with hypertension.
CONCLUSION
Hypertension was highly prevalent among the adults in Konduga community of predominantly Kanuri ethnic group.
RECOMMENDATIONS
Preventive measures such as the maintenance of normal body mass index by calorie restriction should be encouraged. Dietary salt restriction in the general population should
be encouraged. Health education efforts that emphasise the reduction of the risk factors of hypertension reported in this study should be implemented.

Title Page———i

Certification——–ii

Dedication———iii

Acknowledgement——-iv

Abstract ———vi

Table of Content——–vii

 

Chapter One

1.0 Introduction ——-1

1.1 Statement of Problem——4

1.2 Purpose of the Study——5

1.3 Significance of Study——8

1.4 Limitation——–9

1.5 Scope of Study——-11

 

Chapter Two

2.0 Review of Related Literature —-12

2.6 Summary of Literature Review—- 19

 

Chapter Three

3.0 Research Methodology and Procedure—22

3.1 Population ——–22

3.2 Sample and Sampling Technique—-22

3.3 Validation of the Instrument —-23

3.4 Reliability of the Instrument —–23

3.5 Data Analysis——-23

 

Chapter Four

4.0 Presentation and Discussion of Result—24

4.1 Analysis and interpretaion of Data—25

4.2 Discussion of Results——38

 

Chapter Five

5.0. Summary, Conclusion, and Recommendation  –40

5.1 Summary——–40

5.2 Conclusion——–41

5.3 Recommendation——42

References ———45

Appendix 1——–47

Appendix ———50

ASSESSMENT OF THE BLOOD PRESSURE STATUS, ANTHROPOMETRIC AND LIFE STYLE CHARACTERISTIC OF ADULTS IN KONDUGA, BORNO STATE.

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