EFFECT OF HEALTH EDUCATION AND USE OF ALBENDAZOLE ON THE PREVALENCE OF SOIL-TRANSMITTED HELMINTHES AMONG SCHOOL AGED CHILDREN IN SOME VILLAGES IN YAMALTU WEST, GOMBE STATE, NIGERIA.

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EFFECT OF HEALTH EDUCATION AND USE OF ALBENDAZOLE ON THE PREVALENCE OF SOIL-TRANSMITTED HELMINTHES AMONG SCHOOL AGED CHILDREN IN SOME VILLAGES IN YAMALTU WEST, GOMBE STATE, NIGERIA.

Abstract

INTRODUCTION Soil-transmitted helminthes continue to be the most prevalent chronic infections of humans, with an estimated 2 billion individuals infected worldwide. The major pathogenic species of humans are Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichura, Ancylostoma duodenale and Necator americanus and about 39 million disability adjusted life years are attributable to these nematodes alone. The objective of the study was to determine the effect of health education and use of albendazole on the prevalence of soil-transmitted helminthes among school aged children in some communities in Yamaltu West District of Gombe State. METHODOLOGY A community-based intervention study was carried out among children aged 5-14 years in four different communities. From each community, 310 respondents were selected using a multi stage sampling technique. Their knowledge and practice on soil-transmitted helminthiasis were assessed using a semi-structured interviewer administered questionnaire. Their stool samples were examined for soil-transmitted helminthes ova, before and six weeks after deworming with albendazole. They also received health education on sign and symptoms, mode of transmission, treatment and ways of preventing soil-transmitted helminthes infections. For each child assessed, a questionnaire was also administered to the mother or care giver to assess her knowledge and practice regarding soil-transmitted helminthes
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RESULTS From the four communities studied: Soil-transmitted helminthes prevalence was 11.0%, 11.6%, 7.4% and 12.9% respectively at pre-intervention. Ascaris lumbricoides had the highest prevalence in all the four communities with the age group 5-9 years having the highest prevalence. Prevalence was higher among the males. Six weeks after treatment with albendazole, the prevalence reduced significantly in two communities while there was no reduction in the prevalence in the two communities where treatment was withheld. The knowledge of the respondents was poor at pre-intervention but improved significantly in two communities where health education was administered to the respondents. The practice of the respondents on mode of transmission and prevention of soil-transmitted helminthes infection was fair at pre-intervention but improved significantly in all the communities with the exception of the control community at post-intervention. CONCLUSION Drug treatment with albendazole was effective in reducing the prevalence of soil-transmitted helminthes among the respondents while health education improved their knowledge and practice regarding soil-transmitted helminthes. The combined effect of regular deworming with albendazole and health education will go a long way in reducing the prevalence of soil-transmitted helminthes as well as improving knowledge and practice which will subsequently prevent the occurrence of the disease among the respondents.

Title Page———i

Certification——–ii

Dedication———iii

Acknowledgement——-iv

Abstract ———vi

Table of Content——–vii

 

Chapter One

1.0 Introduction ——-1

1.1 Statement of Problem——4

1.2 Purpose of the Study——5

1.3 Significance of Study——8

1.4 Limitation——–9

1.5 Scope of Study——-11

 

Chapter Two

2.0 Review of Related Literature —-12

2.6 Summary of Literature Review—- 19

 

Chapter Three

3.0 Research Methodology and Procedure—22

3.1 Population ——–22

3.2 Sample and Sampling Technique—-22

3.3 Validation of the Instrument —-23

3.4 Reliability of the Instrument —–23

3.5 Data Analysis——-23

 

Chapter Four

4.0 Presentation and Discussion of Result—24

4.1 Analysis and interpretaion of Data—25

4.2 Discussion of Results——38

 

Chapter Five

5.0. Summary, Conclusion, and Recommendation  –40

5.1 Summary——–40

5.2 Conclusion——–41

5.3 Recommendation——42

References ———45

Appendix 1——–47

Appendix ———50

EFFECT OF HEALTH EDUCATION AND USE OF ALBENDAZOLE ON THE PREVALENCE OF SOIL-TRANSMITTED HELMINTHES AMONG SCHOOL AGED CHILDREN IN SOME VILLAGES IN YAMALTU WEST, GOMBE STATE, NIGERIA.

 

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