NIFEDIPINE VERSUS LABETALOL FOR CONTROL OF BLOOD PRESSURE IN HYPERTENSION IN PREGNANCY IN JOS UNIVERSITY TEACHING HOSPITAL

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NIFEDIPINE VERSUS LABETALOL FOR CONTROL OF BLOOD PRESSURE IN HYPERTENSION IN PREGNANCY IN JOS UNIVERSITY TEACHING HOSPITAL

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Hypertension in pregnancy presents significant management problems for every obstetrician. Common remedies in JUTH are α-Methyldopa, Hydralazine and Nifedipine. Labetalol is yet to be commonly used in JUTH. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacies of Nifedipine with Labetalol in control of blood pressure in hypertension in pregnancy in JUTH. DESIGN: A randomized controlled trial. METHODOLOGY: A total of 122 women with hypertension in pregnancy were randomized into 2 groups. The first group received oral Nifedipine20mg twelve hourly for one week. The second group received oral labetalol 100mg twelve hourly for one week. The primary outcome was mean change in both the systolic and diastolic blood pressures. The continuous variables were compared using analysis of variance while categorical variables were compared using the Chi-square. A Probability value < 0.05 was statistically significant. RESULTS: One hundred and twenty-two subjects with hypertension in pregnancy were recruited for the study. Majority of the subjects (47.5%) had pregnancy induced hypertension, twenty-nine (23.8%) had chronic hypertension with superimposed preeclampsia, nineteen (15.6%) had preeclampsia while sixteen (13.1%) had chronic hypertension. The change in mean systolic blood pressure in the Nifedipine group was 40.32±9.61 whereas the change in mean systolic blood pressure in the Labetalol group was 63.07±13.21 which was significantly higher and was statistically significant (P<0.05). The change in mean diastolic blood pressure in Nifedipine group was 21.45±5.33 whereas the change in mean diastolic blood pressure in Labetalol group was 33.81±6.35 which was significantly higher and was statistically significant (P<0.05). There was a significant association between the antihypertensive taken by the subjects and the outcome of blood pressure control in hypertension in pregnancy. This was as indicated by the Confidence Interval (CI) of (2.40-16.00) and probability value (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: 1.There was a statistically significant difference in the mean reductions in maternal blood pressure achieved with the use of Nifedipine or Labetalol in the control of blood pressure in hypertension in pregnancy. 2. Labetalol is more efficacious than Nifedipine for the mean reductions in maternal blood pressure for control of blood pressure in hypertension in pregnancy in JUTH.

NIFEDIPINE VERSUS LABETALOL FOR CONTROL OF BLOOD PRESSURE IN HYPERTENSION IN PREGNANCY IN JOS UNIVERSITY TEACHING HOSPITAL

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