A STUDY OF THE PREVALANCE OF FACTOR V LEIDEN (ACTIVATED PROTEIN C RESISTANCE) IN LAGOS, NIGERIA

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A STUDY OF THE PREVALANCE OF FACTOR V LEIDEN (ACTIVATED PROTEIN C RESISTANCE) IN LAGOS, NIGERIA

Abstract

Aim
To determine the prevalence of Factor V Leiden (Activated Protein C resistance)
in Lagos, Nigeria.
Objectives

1. To identify the presence of a hereditary thrombophilic state, Activated
Protein C resistance (APCr) in Nigerians in Lagos.
2. To determine the prevalence of Activated Protein C resistance in a
Nigerian population.
3. To determine any association between Activated Protein C resistance and
some haematological parameters in particular haemoglobin phenotype,
ABO and Rhesus blood group phenotypes.
Study design
This was a cross sectional study conducted on healthy adult volunteers attending
the blood donors’ clinic of Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria.
Materials and Method.
Three hundred and ten (310) participants who satisfied the inclusion criteria
were enrolled into the study. A functional Activated Protein C resistance test
[using Coatest APC RESISTANCE V 823120 manufactured by
CHROMOGENIX INSTRUMENTATION LABORATORY COMPANY,
Lexington, MA, USA] was conducted on the citrated plasma of all the
participant to get a Factor V related Activated Protein C ratio (APC-V ratio).
APC resistance due to Factor V mutation was indicated when the APC-V ratio is
below a cut off value that was determined by calibration.
Subject’s haemoglobin phenotypes and red cell ABO and Rhesus phenotypes
were determined by standard methods.

Results
Six subjects (2%) out of 297 participants with normal baseline coagulation
screen had resistance to Activated Protein C (APC-V ratio < 2). None (0%) of
the 6 subjects with APCr had any history of thrombosis. Only one of the 6
subjects was a female while the male sex did not demonstrate a risk of
inheritance of APCr (p=0.39).
Four (67%) of the 6 subjects with APCr were non O blood group (3 blood group
A and 1 blood group AB). Only 2 (0.9%) of 226 non A subjects (consisting of
161 blood group O and 65 blood group B) had APCr whereas 4 (6%) (3 blood
group A and 1 blood group AB) of 71 subjects with A gene had APCr. The A
gene appeared to to be significantly associated with APCr (p=0.03).
No significant association was demonstrable between APCr and haemoglobin
phenotypes.
Conclusion.
Some Nigerians have resistance to Activated Protein C. The inheritance of blood
group A may be a predisposition to the presence of Activated Protein C
resistance.

A STUDY OF THE PREVALANCE OF FACTOR V LEIDEN (ACTIVATED PROTEIN C RESISTANCE) IN LAGOS, NIGERIA

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