CRYPTOSPORIDIOSIS IN HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS (HIV) RELATED DIARRHEA IN ADULT PATIENTS IN PLATEAU STATE SPECIALIST HOSPITAL (PSSH), JOS

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CRYPTOSPORIDIOSIS IN HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS (HIV) RELATED DIARRHEA IN ADULT PATIENTS IN PLATEAU STATE SPECIALIST HOSPITAL (PSSH), JOS

Abstract

Cryptosporidium parvum is the organism most frequently implicated in
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) – related diarrhoea worldwide.
Cryptosporidiosis is prevalent in areas with poor sanitary environments,
poor water supply and poor personal hygiene. Chronic diarrhoea is one of
the common presentations of HIV in Nigeria.

HIV infection has permeated every social strata in Nigeria. With the
advent of Highly Active Antiretroviral therapy, the number of people
living with the HIV virus is on the increase. This means that the number
of patients presenting with chronic diarrhoea is also on the increase. It is
therefore necessary to determine the prevalence of this organism in HIV
infected patients in Plateau State Specialist Hospital, Jos, North Central
Nigeria.

Three hundred adult HIV patients with diarrhoea, seen in Plateau State
Specialist Hospital, Jos, were investigated. Their stool samples were
examined under the microscope after staining with a modified Ziehl
Neelson (Z-N) method. Out of the 300 patients, (172 females and 128
males), 45 patients (25 females and 20 males) had cryptosporidium
oocysts in their stool (15%). Ova of Ascaris, Hookworm and Schistosoma
mansoni were seen in 13(4.3%), 15(5.0%), 1(0.3%) of stool samples
respectively. Cyst of Entamoeba histolytica was seen in 52(17.3%) of
samples.
Of the 45 stool samples positive for oocyst of cryptosporidium, ova of
Ascaris and Hookworm were seen in 4(8.9%) and 5(11.1%) of samples
respectively. Cyst of Entamoeba histolytica was seen in 11(24.4%) of the
sample.

Cryptosporidium parvum is pathogenic in HIV-related diarrhoea in
Plateau State Specialist Hospital, Jos.

CRYPTOSPORIDIOSIS IN HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS (HIV) RELATED DIARRHEA IN ADULT PATIENTS IN PLATEAU STATE SPECIALIST HOSPITAL (PSSH), JOS

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