EFFECT OF HAUSA VERBAL ARTS TOWARD THE UNDERSTANDING OF HAUSA CUSTOMS AMONG PRIMARY FIVE PUPILS IN ZARIA LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF KADUNA STATE, NIGERIA  

ABSTRACT

This study which focused on the use of Hausa Verbal Arts as aid in teaching Primary Five Pupils in Zaria Local Government Area is replete with a number of challenges. Four (4) research question, statement of the problem, five research objectives and justifications two (2) methods were employed in conducting the research. In a class of fourty (40), twenty (20) pupils were taught using different Hausa Verbal Arts, while the remaining were not. After two weeks of training, an examination was administered to both groups the same questions. Similar questions were administered before the commencement of the teaching in order to test the pupils understanding. 116 Primary Schools in Zaria Local Government were randomly selected. In each ward the primary school with the highest number of pupils in class five was chosen. The scores of both groups of pupils were subjected to statistical analysis using t-test inorder to find the pupils level of comprehension. The study discovered that, teaching of Hausa Verbal Arts improved the pupils level of understanding Hausa.The pupils became more interested and eager to learn more, unlike their controlled counterparts.Without using Hausa Verbal Arts in teaching there could be a possibility of endangering certain vocabularies in the language.Hausa Verbal Arts contains vocabularies that need to be used and there is literary terms of the wisdom in applying them in teaching. Therefore, this issues should be used further researched.In conclusion, it was discovered that those pupils trained in verbal arts performed better than untrained in the approach (control). The contributions of this research is that emphasizes the importance use, and inclusion of Hausa Verbal Arts in the teaching curriculum not only in primary schools but also in higher institution of learning.

BABI NA ƊAYA

SHIMFIƊA

      1.1       Gabatarwa

Tun kafin zuwan tsarin ilimin zamani, Bahaushe na da nasa tsari na koyar da yara tarbiyya da sauran al‘adu. Wannan tsari kuwa shi ne ta amfani da nau‘o‘i daban-daban na adabin baka. Shi adabin baka na Hausa ya ƙ unshi muhimman ɓ angarori kamar su waƙ a da   habaici da wasan kwaikwayo da kuma zantukan hikima. Zantukan hikima na Hausa sun haɗ a da karin magana da kirari da zambo da habaici da baƙ ar magana, da sauransu.

Su kuma yaran za su ta so da rikon al‘adunsu na gargajiya. Daga cikin waɗ annan zantukan hikima, waɗ anda suka fi fice da kuma ƙ warewa su ne karin magana da kuma kirari. Don haka ne wannan bincike ya ɗ auke su ya kuma nazarce su musamman don ganin irin gudummawar da suke iya bayarwa wajen koyar da ɗ alibai al‘adunsu. Al‘adun da aka ɗ auka don nazari a wannan bincike su ne al‘adun aure da kuma na haihuwa. Binciken ya takaita ne ga ɗ alibai ‗yan aji biyar na firamare a Ƙaramar Hukumar Zariya ta jihar Kaduna.

      1.2       Matsalolin Bincike

Kamar yadda magabata suka ce, yin hasashen ko hangen wata matsala a wani al‘amari ke haifar da yin bincike.Wannan bincike ya dubi matsalar da ake samu wajen amfani da zantukan hikima wajen koyar da al‘adun Hausawa ga ɗ aliban aji biyar nafiramare naƙ aramar hukumar Zariya. Misali an yi wani lokaci da wasu daga cikin

Hausawa suka ɗ auki al‘adarsu a matsayin rashin wayewa domin kuwa idan an ga wani ya yi riƙ o da al‘adarsa sau da kafa sai a ɗ auka cewa, wannan mutumin bai san abin da yake masa ciwo ba, ko kuma yana da ƙ arancin fahimtar zamani.A tunaninsu duk wanda yake amfani da al‘adarsa ɗ an ƙ auye ne, ko bagidaje ne, da sauran sunaye daban-daban da suke kiransa.

Rashin amfani da al‘adun Hausawa musamman ga yara shi ke sanyawatsi da su ko kuma a manta da su kwata-kwata. To ina mafita? Wannan bincike zai dogara ne kacokan kan amfani da zantukan hikima a wajen koyar da al‘adun Hausawa a makarantun firamare da ke ƙ aramar HukumarZariya. Watau za a jefi tsuntsu biyu da dutse ɗ aya; a koyar da zantukan hikima da al‘adun Hausawa a lokaci guda.

      1.3       Manufofin Bincike

Manufar wannan bincike ita ce, gwada hikima da basirar da ke cikin zantukan hikima wajan koyar da al‘adun Hausawa ga ɗ aliban firamaren aji biyar da suke ƙ aramar hukumar Zariya. Kowacce al‘umma tana da hanyoyin gudanar da rayuwarsu wanda kuma suke ƙ oƙ arin raya waɗ annan hanyoyi domin inganta su. Saboda haka wannan bincike yana da maradai kamar haka:

1. Amfani da zantukan hikima ga ɗ alibai wajen fahimtar da su al‘adun Hausawa na gargajiya.
2. Bincike ya bayyana amfani da dabarun koyarwa don cusawa ɗ alibai ƙ aunar al‘adun Hausawa ta amfani da zantukan hikima.

• Bincike ya bayyana tasirin al‘adun gargajiya ga ɗ alibai bayan koyar da su

zantukan hikima a aikace.

1. Binciken ya tabbatar da muhimmancin al‘adun Hausawa a cikin zantukan hikima don koyar da ɗ alibai tarbiyya a cikin al‘adun Hausawa.

      1.4       Tambayoyin Bincike

Wannan bincike yana da tambayoyi na musamman da ya tsara wanda aka yi ƙoƙari gano amsarsu domin samun nasarar aikin. Binciken yana da tambayoyi kamar haka:

• Ko za a iya amfani da zantukan hikima wajen fahimtar da ɗ aliban firamare na aji biya al‘adun Hausawa?

Ko za a iya amfani da dabarun koyarwa don cusawa ɗ alibai ƙ aunar al‘adun Hausawa ta hanyar amfani da zantukan hikima?

• Ko daina koyar da al‘adun Hausawa ta hanyar zantukan Hausawa musamman ga ɗ alibai a wani lokaci zai sa a manta da su, ko kuma sub ace kwata-kwata?
• Ko za a iya tabbatar da muhimmancin al‘adun Hausawa a cikin zantukan hikima don koyar da ɗ alibai tarbiyya?

      1.5        Hasashen Bincike

Wannan bincike yana da hasashen cewa:

• Akwai hanyoyi daban-daban na cusa tarbiyya ga ɗ aliban firamare.
• Za a iya samun wadatattun zantukan hikima kuma da za su iya taimaka wa wajen cusa ƙ aunar al‘adun Hausawa ga ɗ aliban firamare.
• Rashin koyar da al‘adun Hausawa ta hanyar zantukan hikima na iya sanya ɗ aliban firamare su manta da su gaba ɗ

Za a iya samar da hanyoyi masu sauƙ i wajen koyarwa ta hanyar amfani da zantukan hikima na Hausa.

      1.6       Dalilin Bincike

Dalilan da suka haifar da wannan aiki, sun haɗ a da rashin samun nazari sosai da aka gudanar, musamman wajen amfani da zantukan hikima wajen koyar da yaran Firamare.

Haka kuma manazarta sun gudanar da ayyukan bincike akan zantukan hikima, sai dai binciken nasu ya bar giɓ i, shi ne ake fatan wannan binciken zai cike.  Har ila yau an aiwatar da zantukan hikima a wasu ayyuka, amma ba a dubi zantukan hikima ta hanyar koyar da al‘adun Hausawa.

Haka kuma a mafi yawan nazarin da aka gudanar ana mantawa da zantukan hikima, duk da cewa ana koyarwane ta hanyar wasa da raha. Kari ga wannan shi ne, masana irin su Alhassan da wasu (1991) sun gudanar da nazari akan zantukan hikima, amma ba a dube su ba ta hanyar koyarwa da fahimtar al‘adun Hausawa. Saboda haka daga waɗ andan dalilai ne mai binciken yake ganin zai iya cewa wani abu domin cike waɗ annan gurabe.

      1.7       Muhimmancin Bincike

Wannan bincike yana da mahimmmancin musamman idan an dubi abubuwan da bincike yake bayani akansu, waɗ anda su kansu muhimmai ne ga rayuwar al‘ummar Hausawa.  Haka kuma binciken yana da muhimmanci wajen koyar da ɗ aliban firamare wajen sanin yadda al‘adu suke a cikin zantukan hikima.

Sannan bincike zai taimaka samar da wata hanya mai sauki wajen koya wa yara mahimmancin zantukan hikima. Haka kuma binciken yana da muhimmanci wajen inganta harshen Hausawa ga ɗ alibai musamman ta hanyar amfani da kirari da karin magana. Baya ga wannan kuma, binciken zai taimaka wajen samar da ɗ alibai masu tarbiyya domin su zama masu alfannu ga jama‘a. Binciken zai kuma,taimakawa masana da manazarta wajen samar da wasu hanyoyi a ɓ angaren zantukan hikima domin sauƙ aƙ a koyo da koyarwa a al‘umma. Har ila yau, binciken zai taimaka wa hukumar ilimi wajen tsara manhaja domin samar da hanyoyin cusa tarbiya a makarantu.

      1.8       Farfajiyar Bincike

Wannan bincike yana da iyaka, wanda bincike zai yi iyaka a wajen. Saboda haka binciken zai yi zango ne a zantukan hikima, ko a zantukan hikima ba duka ba, za a yi amfani da kirari ne da kuma Karin Magana. Haka kuma za a yi amfani da adabi a matsayin kayan aikin koyarwar da al‘ada. Sannan kuma za a takaitane a zantukan hikima, domin a iya auna fahimtar ɗ alibai.Har ila yau binciken zai sake takaita ne ga ɗ aliban firamare aji biyar, a Ƙaramar Hukumar Zariya.

 

      1.9       Kammalawa

A wannan babi an bayyana zantukan hikima a matsayin wata taska, wadda binciken ya yi amfani da su wajen yin bayani kan tasirin al‘adun Hausawa na gargajiya

ga ɗ aliban Firamare aji biyar a Karamar Hukumar Zariya.

Haka kuma babin ya bayyana mahimmancin wannan aiki musamman wajen sauƙaƙa koyarwa da samar da ɗ alibai masu nagarta. Sannan bincike yana da manufofi, wanda binciken ya kudura da kuma taimakawa da bincike zai yi ga hukuma, da kuma jama‘a.Yanzu kuma za a shiga babi na biyu, wanda shi ne yake bin wannan babi.

EFFECT OF HAUSA VERBAL ARTS TOWARD THE UNDERSTANDING OF HAUSA CUSTOMS AMONG PRIMARY FIVE PUPILS IN ZARIA LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF KADUNA STATE, NIGERIA  

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