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ASSESSMENT OF KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE AND PRACTICE OF OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES IN MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES
ABSTRACT
The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice of occupational health services (OHS) in manufacturing industries in Nigeria. The study covered Innoson Vehicle Manufacturing Company Owerri, Imo State. A case study approach was used and 31 respondents were sampled, however 23 responses were received. Semi-structure interviews and self-administered questionnaire with both open-ended and close-ended questions was used to collect data. Data was analyzed using Microsoft excel and presented by frequency tables, charts and description. The results from the analysis of respondents revealed that there was a reasonable impacts of occupational health and safety programme to the organization. However, there were challenges which hinder the 100 percent of successful occupational health and safety at Innoson Vehicle Manufacturing Company. Training and education, involvement of Senior Staff, conforming to the budget, and motivation were recommended by the researcher.
ASSESSMENT OF KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE AND PRACTICE OF OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES IN MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
The provision of a safe and accident-free working environment for employees is, of course, vital to safety. If a worker perceives his or her workplace as a safe, healthy, and joyful place to work with helpful resources and facilities, he or she is more likely to participate in the production process than is typical (Alisimo, 2013).Regardless of the workers’ strategic significance, most workplaces are rife with safety concerns (John 2010.).
Despite the evident requirement to manage health and safety in a proactive manner, some organizations fail to do so. This could be due to a lack of knowledge, skills, or drive, or it could be owing to a lack of personnel resources. Companies that lack the capital essential to make sufficient investments in health and safety, as well as a lack of appreciation for the value of such investments, are likewise a major concern. Similarly, few businesses calculate or comprehend the costs of safety breaches. Part of the reason for this lack of understanding is the difficulty in determining just how effective safety management is linked to the success of the business and the performance of its personnel. Burns, fingers, fractures, nose bleeds, fainting, shocks, scalds, gassing, and suffocation are among the hazards that employers face, according to Anju (2003). Cotton (2005) observed that one of the primary agenda items is to address human development challenges, and that this goal can be achieved by providing infrastructure for services and jobs in the manufacuring industry , where worker health and safety are enhanced to encourage and sustain efficiency. The maintenance and development of health is accomplished through various combinations of physical, mental, and social well-being, together known as the “health triangle.” In general, the environment in which an individual lives has a significant impact on his health status and quality of life. It is becoming more well acknowledged that organizational safety is maintained and improved not only as a result of advances in health science, but also as a result of individual and societal efforts and wise lifestyle choices.
1.2 Statement of the Research Problem
The overall research problem that was addressed in this study was that despite an increase in the effort to bring about a healthy working environment, most organizations fall short of this primary responsibility. Lack of health and safety policies for employees in organization leaves them exposed to high risk work hazards resulting in injuries which affect morale towards work, levels of teamwork spirit, and consequently, employee commitment towards work has deteriorated, this manifest itself in the form of lack of initiative and existence of counter productive work behaviours.
If this left to go its way, it would be difficult for many organizations and employees to realize the value for money, because employees will spend their earnings treating job- related diseases, injuries, and/ or death occurrence at large number, while organizations will be busy paying compensations and reparations, fines to authorities, repair of buildings and machines cracks and broken due to accidents and hazards.
- Research Objectives
The general objective of this study was to carry out an assessment of knowledge, attitude and practice of occupational health services in manufacturing industries. The specific objectives of this study was:
- identify potential health hazards in the manufacturing industry
- investigate safety management procedures adopted in work places in Nigeria.
- identify influence of safety management on job performance.
1.4 Research Questions
The research questions to be addressed in this work include:
- What are the common occupational hazards in the manufacturing industry in Nigeria?
- What are the safety management procedures adopted in work places in Nigeria?
- What is the influence of safety management on job performance?
1.5 The Significance of the Study
This research aims to have a significant impact on the importance of work health safety management on job performance among employees in the manufacturing industry, as well as revealing how safety management can affect the growth and development of the industry in Nigeria. It will be of great use to all, particularly those in the manufacturing industry, and it will also be of immense benefit to researchers who will be conducting similar research in the future
1.6 Scope of the Study
The study focused on the assessment of knowledge, attitude and practice of occupational health services in manufacturing industries. The study was conducted at Innoson Vehicle Manufacturing Company Owerri, Imo State. The study was more inclusive as it picked respondents from all departments and Junior Staff within the organization premise to get results which will be real to the actual different circumstances.
1.7 Limitations of the Study
The following factors limits or hinders the study of the project and the possible means to overcome these problems were explained in the project work. However, the researcher while conducting the research work experienced financial problem couple with time factor. Again it was not easy to travel to all states for first-hand information. Most of the findings are based on the experiences from the case study, which of the purpose at this study has been taken as a proper representation of the state in the country.
More to that, most of the workers interviewed do not keep up to date statistic or record of data needed, whereas, some employees were reluctant to provide the researcher with the needed information due to fear and ignorance of the research work. At the preliminary library research carried out by the researcher, it was discovered that the way up to date, material literature on the employee’s health in the country could not be found easily. Above all, lack of handy transport facilities renders the researchers movement limited to Innoson Vehicle Manufacturing Company Owerri, Imo State..
1.8 Organization of the Study
This research is attributed in five chapters. The first chapter is used to portrait what really the research is all about by giving introduction of the topic information, existing problem and objectives of the research so far.
The second chapter is all about going through the literature of other writers and researchers on the relevant research topic to see what they have done, and what have been missing in their work that this research can help to close that gap. In this chapter is where the researcher formulate conceptual framework of which tries to link different ideas to get the whole. Also, the theoretical framework is constructed here by seeing the relation between theories and health programmes to support organization performance. The third chapter deal with research methodology. It discuss the research approach, research design, location of the study, sample size and targeted population. It look on the methods and tools for data collection, the validity and reliability, and ways of data measurement and analysis.
The fourth chapter describe the characteristics of the findings and analyze the facts in order to understand the reality. It pass through the facts according to the responses of each research question as highlighted in chapter one. And, the fifth chapter is all about the conclusion and recommendation of the research’s finding analysis.
