A CROSS- SECTIONAL COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE PREVALENCE OF ASYMPTOMATIC BACTERIURIA AMONG HIV- POSITIVE AND HIV-NEGATIVE WOMEN IN THE UNIVERSITY OF NIGERIA TEACHING HOSPITAL, ENUGU, NIGERIA

Abstract

This was a comparative analytical study among HIV positive and HIV negative women
attending antenatal clinic of the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu.
480 women were selected at random using table of random numbers. Group A was 240
HIV positive women and same number was selected among those who were HIV negative.
‘Clean catch’ urine samples of these women were collected and analyzed using
descriptive and inferential statistics. Fifty-six (23.3%) of group A had asymptomatic
significant bacteriuria (ASB) while 25(10.4%) of group B had asymptomatic significant
bacteriuria. The difference was significant (p =0.000158, RR = 2.617, 95% CI 1.570 –
4.363). There was no significant difference in maternal age, occupation, tribe, religion
and place of domicile and gestational age and parity between the 2 groups. Those who
had secondary, primary or no education had tendency to develop significant ASB more
than those who had tertiary education (p = 0.018) among the HIV positive women. There
was no significant difference in urinalysis of both groups (p = 0.206). Significantly higher
proportion of HIV positive women with CD4 count of ≤ 500 had significant ASB (p =
0.016). The organisms isolated were common organisms which included Escherichia
coli,Klebsiella,Staphylococcusaureus,Streptococcus,faecalis,Pseudomonas,Haemolytic
streptococcus,Enterobacter and Proteus that responded to treatment with available
antibiotics. Group A responded more to Augmentin, Nitrofurantoin and Cefuroxime than
group B (p = 0.027). Among those treated, none had overt UTI in pregnancy. As at the
time of writing, 71(87.7%) of the 81 women with significant ASB had delivered their
babies. Screening, treatment and follow –up for ASB in pregnancy are necessary
especially HIV positive women with CD4 count of less than 500. This should be included
in counselling in all HIV clinics.

A CROSS- SECTIONAL COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE PREVALENCE OF ASYMPTOMATIC BACTERIURIA AMONG HIV- POSITIVE AND HIV-NEGATIVE WOMEN IN THE UNIVERSITY OF NIGERIA TEACHING HOSPITAL, ENUGU, NIGERIA