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PREVALENCE OF HIV INFECTION AMONG BLOOD DONORS AND ANTE-NATAL CLINIC (ANC) ATTENDANTS IN GENERAL HOSPITAL, CALABAR, NIGERIA
Abstract:
Introduction: HIV infection remains a significant public health concern worldwide, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of HIV infection among two high-risk groups, blood donors and ante-natal clinic (ANC) attendees, in General Hospital, Calabar, Nigeria.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 500 blood donors and 600 ANC attendees between January to December in General Hospital, Calabar. Data on demographic characteristics and HIV status were collected using a structured questionnaire and laboratory testing. HIV testing was done using ELISA and confirmed by Western blot analysis.
Results: Among the 500 blood donors, 14 were found to be HIV-positive, resulting in an overall prevalence of 2.8%. Among the 600 ANC attendees, 24 were found to be HIV-positive, resulting in an overall prevalence of 4.0%. The age group most affected in both groups was 25-34 years. There was a higher prevalence of HIV infection among ANC attendees compared to blood donors, with a statistically significant difference (p<0.05). Among the HIV-positive individuals, the majority were unaware of their HIV status prior to the study.
Conclusion: The study revealed a moderate prevalence of HIV infection among blood donors and ANC attendees in General Hospital, Calabar, Nigeria. The ANC attendees had a higher prevalence of HIV infection compared to blood donors, which highlights the need for targeted interventions to reduce the transmission of HIV among pregnant women. These findings emphasize the importance of routine HIV testing and counseling in both blood donation centers and ANC clinics to ensure early detection and appropriate management of HIV-positive individuals.
Keywords: HIV infection, prevalence, blood donors, ante-natal clinic attendees, Nigeria.
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