PERCEPTIONS OF PEOPLE TOWARDS YOUTH WITH AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER AND INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY IN NORTH EASTERN NIGERIA

PERCEPTIONS OF PEOPLE TOWARDS YOUTH WITH AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER AND INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY IN NORTH EASTERN NIGERIA

Abstract:
This study examines the perceptions of individuals in North Eastern Nigeria towards youth diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and intellectual disability. Autism Spectrum Disorder is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by difficulties in social interaction, communication, and repetitive behavior patterns. Intellectual disability refers to significant limitations in intellectual functioning and adaptive behavior.

The aim of this research is to gain insights into the prevailing attitudes, beliefs, and knowledge of individuals in the region regarding youth with ASD and intellectual disability. Understanding these perceptions is crucial for developing effective interventions, promoting inclusion, and reducing stigma.

The study employs a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews. The sample comprises individuals from diverse backgrounds, including parents, caregivers, healthcare professionals, educators, and community members. The survey assesses participants' knowledge about ASD and intellectual disability, their attitudes towards individuals with these conditions, and their level of social inclusion. The interviews provide an in-depth exploration of participants' experiences, perspectives, and recommendations.

Preliminary findings suggest a mixed perception among the participants. While some individuals demonstrate a limited understanding of ASD and intellectual disability, others exhibit a more inclusive and empathetic attitude towards youth with these conditions. Factors such as education, personal experiences, cultural beliefs, and religious affiliations appear to influence these perceptions.

The study also highlights several challenges faced by youth with ASD and intellectual disability in the region. These challenges include limited access to specialized services, societal stigma, inadequate educational opportunities, and social isolation. Furthermore, the research identifies potential strategies to address these challenges, including community awareness campaigns, professional training, inclusive educational policies, and support networks.

The findings of this study have implications for policymakers, healthcare professionals, educators, and community leaders who aim to improve the quality of life for youth with ASD and intellectual disability in North Eastern Nigeria. By understanding the prevailing perceptions and addressing the identified challenges, it is possible to foster a more inclusive and supportive environment for individuals with these conditions.

Keywords: Autism Spectrum Disorder, Intellectual Disability, Perceptions, Attitudes, Inclusion, Stigma, Nigeria.

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