INHERITANCE OF OIL CONTENT AND OTHER AGRONOMIC TRAITS IN GROUNDNUT GENOTYPES (ARACHIS HYPOGAEAL.)

INHERITANCE OF OIL CONTENT AND OTHER AGRONOMIC TRAITS IN GROUNDNUT GENOTYPES (ARACHIS HYPOGAEAL.)

Abstract:

This study was carried out to determine the inheritance of oil content using eight (three male and five females)parents, that were mated in a North Carolina Design II (NC II) mating design that generated 15 progenies,to determine mode of gene action, estimate heritability and the association of the measured traits. The parents, the resultant F1and two checks were evaluated at Samaru ((11 011N, 70 38E), 600m above sea level in the Northern Guinea Savanna and I.A.R Irrigation Research Station Kadawa (11o39 N latitude, 08o 02 E longitude with an altitude of 469m above sea level)during 2014/2015 dry season. Significant differences were observed among the studied genotypes, signifying variation among the genotypes. Genotype performance across location was significant (P ≤ 0.05) forplant height and highly significant (P ≤ 0.01) for oil content, protein and carbohydrate content.The genotype performance across locations showed thatthe parent; SAMNUT 24 (52.63%) and cross SAMNUT 21 x ICGX-SM-00020/5/P4/P1 (52.63%) recorded the highest mean performance foroil content. This study also revealed thatboth additive and non-additive gene action were important in controlling oil content and other agronomictraits.However, the ratio of GCA variance to SCA variance was less than unity indicating the preponderance of non-additive gene action for all the traits except plant height. Broad sense heritability estimates were moderate for oil(43.46), protein(46.30) and carbohydrate content (45.03). Narrow sense heritability is low for most traits. The PCV and GCV were low to moderate. The male parentSAMNUT 24 is a good general combiner for plant height (3.74) and carbohydrate content (2.79). SAMNUT 23 is good general combiner for protein content. SAMNUT 21 is good combiner for haulm weight (215.21), pod weight per plant (17.53) and 100-seed weight (4.50). The female parent SAMNUT 22 was a good general combiner for Protein content (2.95). ICGX-SM-00020/5/P4/P1was a good vii general combiner for oil content (0.87*). The crosses; SAMNUT 21 x SAMNUT 10,SAMNUT 21 x ICGX-SM-00020/5/P4/P1and SAMNUT 21 x ICGV-IS-07903 were good specific combiners for 100-seed eight, whereasSAMNUT 21 x SAMNUT 14,SAMNUT 21 x SAMNUT10 and SAMNUT 21 x ICGV-IS-07903 were the best specific combiners for oil, protein and carbohydrate content. Haulm weight and protein content were significantly negatively correlated with oil content. Haulm weight was significant and positively correlated with 100-seed weight and pod weight per plant. Path coefficient analysis revealed thatpod weight per plant,shelling percentage, carbohydrate content and protein content were the direct positive contributors to oil content.

INHERITANCE OF OIL CONTENT AND OTHER AGRONOMIC TRAITS IN GROUNDNUT GENOTYPES (ARACHIS HYPOGAEAL.)

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