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EXPLORING HEAVY DRINKING PATTERNS AMONG BLACK AND WHITE YOUNG ADULTS
` TABLE OF CONTENTS
Cover page
Title page
Certification – – – – – – – – i
Dedication – – – – – – – – – ii
Acknowledgement – – – – – – – iii
Abstract – – – – – – – – – v
Table of contents – – – – – – – – vi
CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Study – – – – – 1
1.2 Statement of Problem – – – – – – 7
1.3 Purpose of the study – – – – – 8
1.4 Objective of the Study – – – – – – 9
1.4 Research Questions – – – – – – 10
1.5 Research Hypothesis – – – – – – 10
1.6 Significance of the Study – – – – – 11
1.7 Scope of the study – – – – – – 11
1.8 Limitation of the study – – – – –
1.9 Definition of Terms – – – – – 12
CHAPTER TWO: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
2.1 Introduction – – – – – – – 14
2.2 The Theoretical frame Work – – – – – 21
2.3 conceptual frame work
2.4 empirical review
CHAPTER THREE: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.1 Introduction – – – – – – – 82
3.2 Area of the study – – – – – – 82
3.3 Research Design – – – – – – 82
3.4 Sample and sampling techniques – – – – 83
3.5 Population of the study – – – – – 84
3.6 Procedure for Data Collection – – – – 85
3.7 Method of Data Analysis – – – – – 85
CHAPTER FOUR: PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA
4.1 Introduction – – – – – – – 87
4.2 Presentation of Data – – – – – 87
4.3 Data Analysis – – – – – – – 88
4.4 Testing of Hypothesis – – – – – 91
4.5 Discussion and summary of findings – – 94
CHAPTER FIVE:
INTRODUCTION, SUMMARY, RECOMMENDATIONS AND CONCLUSION
5.0 Introduction – – – – – – – 98
5.1 Summary – – – – – – – 99
5.2 Conclusion – – – – – – – – 100
5.3 Recommendations – – – – – – 101
REFERENCES
Appendix
Questionnaire
Abstract
Objective:
This investigation examined patterns of heavy drinking among Black and White young adults from a person-centered perspective and linked family and individual factors in adolescence to young adult drinking patterns.
Method:
The analysis focuses on 331 10th-grade students (168 Whites, 163 Blacks; 51% males) who were followed into young adulthood (ages 20 and 22). Cluster analyses using heavy episodic drinking, drunkenness, and alcohol problems in young adulthood resulted in groups of drinkers with different patterns. Groups were examined across and within race. Associations between young adult drinking groups and adolescent family and individual factors were tested.
Results:
Groups followed well-established race differences, with Whites clustering into frequent drinking groups more than Blacks, and Blacks clustering into non–heavy drinking groups more than Whites. Further, Black heavy drinkers reported fewer alcohol problems than White counterparts. Parental monitoring, consistent discipline, ethnic identity, and delinquency were associated with adult heavy episodic drinking groups for both races. Monitoring and delinquency, along with parental norms, were associated with drunkenness groups for both races. However, race differences were observed for drunkenness clusters such that attachment was predictive for White clusters, and parental guidelines and discipline were predictive for Black clusters.
Conclusions:
Large race differences in heavy drinking at young adulthood were confirmed. Family dynamics in 10th grade were identified as important for the development of different drinking patterns in the early 20s, when many individuals have left home, which suggests a key target for substance use prevention programs.
