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GRAPHO-SYNTACTIC ERRORS IN THE LANGUAGE OF ADVERTISING IN SELECTED NEWSPAPERS
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION
Background of the Study: – – – – – – – 1
Statement of the Problem: – – – – – – – 6
Purpose of the Study: – – – – – – – 7
Significance of the Study: – – – – – – – 7
Scope of the Study: – – – – – – – – 7
Research Questions: – – – – – – – – 8
Limitation of the Study: – – – – – – – 8
CHAPTER TWO: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
Concept of Error: – – – – – – – – -9
Types of Errors: – – – – – – – – 10
Concept of Nigerian English: – – – – – – – 14
The Language of Advertising: – – – – – – 18
Summary of Review of Related Literature: – – – – – 19
CHAPTER THREE: RESEARCH DESIGN, THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK AND METHODOLOGY
Theoretical Framework: – – – – – – – 20
Research Design: – – – – – – – – 21
Population of the Study: – – – – – – – 21
Sampling Method: – – – – – – – – 22
Method of Data Collection: – – – – – – – 23
Validation of the Instrument: – – – – – – – 23
CHAPTER FOUR: DATA PRESESNTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION
Data Presentation: – – – – – – – – – – 24
Analysis of Data: – – – – – – – – – – 24
Interpretation of Data: – – – – – – – – – – 33
Response of the Advertising Practitioners to Oral Interview: – – – 34
CHAPTER FIVE: SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Summary: – – – – – – – – – – – 38
Conclusions:- – – – – – – – – – – 39
Recommendations: – – – – – – – – – – 40
Works Cited: – – – – – – – – – 42
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background to the Study
Advertising involves communication and communication involves language use. Language is the major means of human communication and interaction. Edward Sapir sees language as:
… a purely human and non-instinctive method of communicating ideas, emotions and desires by means of a system of voluntarily produced symbols (8).
Thus, language forms the basis for all forms of human activities and interactions. Advertising as a form of human interaction makes use of language and according to Brooks Nelson “[T] he words of advertising need to be chosen carefully if they are not going to have ridiculous effect” (163). What is said and how it is said should be a thing of concern to the adverting practitioners in order to achieve the expected goal.
The English language in Nigeria is the language of official government transactions and commerce. For the fact that Nigeria is a multi- lingual nation with over four hundred and fifty languages, the English language is seen as the language of national stability.
The establishment of Lagos as a British colony in 1862 officially marked the advent of the English language in Nigeria, but there were traces of the existence of the language in Nigeria before 1862. With the arrival of the Europeans in Nigeria for political, economic or religious conquest, there arose the need for communication between the English and Nigerians from different ethnic groups. The Europeans, according to Omolewa Daniel in Uzoezie Raphael U., has a very poor opinion of the vernacular which they considered neither very extensive nor of very high quality. So the Europeans decided to use their own language in communication with Nigerians (163).
The first set of the Europeans to arrive in Africa were the Portuguese in the quest for human and material resources as well as a market for their finished goods. The quest was sparked off by the industrial revolution, which began in Europe in 1740. These Portuguese made contact with some Southern Nigerian Kingdoms such as Old Calabar and the Benin Empire. The British traders were the next batch of Europeans who came to Nigeria. Uzoezie pointed out that the British ousted the Portuguese and replaced the contact language with English making the English language the language of diplomacy, and trade. He maintains that England also acquired the monopoly for slave trading along the West Coast of Africa by the treaty of the Utrech in 1713. He writes, “The ground was, thus, already prepared for the permeation of the English language along the Coast and the hinterland” (163). Owing to the contacts between the English language, Portuguese, and some indigenous Nigerian languages, a form of inter-language (Pidgin) emerged.
GRAPHO-SYNTACTIC ERRORS IN THE LANGUAGE OF ADVERTISING IN SELECTED NEWSPAPERS
