COMPARATIVE STUDY ON MATERNAL KNOWLEDGE ATTITUDE AND UPTAKE OF ROUTINE IMMUNIZATION IN SABO AND NON SABO COMMUNITIES IN AWKA TOWN OF ANAMBRA STATE

COMPARATIVE STUDY ON MATERNAL KNOWLEDGE ATTITUDE AND UPTAKE OF ROUTINE IMMUNIZATION IN SABO AND NON SABO COMMUNITIES IN AWKA TOWN OF ANAMBRA STATE

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Immunization is an area of significant pubic health interest. A major public health burden is directly related to the level of maternal knowledge, attitude and uptake of routine immunization. This essentially constitute an area of public health research which has not received enough attention. This study showed that mothers in non- Sabo community have better knowledge, attitude and uptake of routine immunization compared to mothers in Sabo community which is also associated with these mothers’ socio-demographic status and other possible reasons affecting routine immunization at the community level. In other to develop appropriate and comprehensive immunization programme to bridge the inequities among these group of people, determination of the level of maternal knowledge, attitude and uptake of routine immunization in Sabo and non-Sabo community is essential.
METHODOLOGY: A comparative study of maternal knowledge, attitude and uptake of routine immunization in Sabo and non- Sabo community in Awka Anambra State was conducted between July and October 2015. Semi-structured interviewer administered questionnaires were used to obtain information on respondent’s socio-demographic status, knowledge , attitude and uptake of routine immunization and possible reasons affecting routine immunization.
Focus group discussions were used to collect information on the best time to commence immunization, the importance of immunization card, reason for immunization, any experience of ill-health after immunization, reason for not going for immunization, how to overcome the challenges. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 21. Association were tested using chi-square and Fisher’s exact test and predictors of possible reasons affecting immunization were tested using logistic regression.
RESULTS: Data were obtained from four hundred and twenty (420) respondents, consisting of two hundred and ten (210) women in Sabo community and two hundred and ten (210) women from non- Sabo community as shown in table 1. The major age group in both Sabo and non-Sabo communities was 30- 39 years, while the least age group was ˂ 20 years. The mean age groups were 32.54 ± 7.35 and 32.64 ± 6.88 for Sabo and non-Sabo communities respectively. The difference was not statistically significant p > 0.05.
There were more married women in Sabo community (53.0%) compared to non- Sabo community (47.0%). The difference was statistically significant p > 0.05. There were less monogamous marriages in Sabo community (40.8%) compared to non- Sabo community (59.2%). The difference was statistically significant p > 0.05. The highest educational qualification in the Sabo community was secondary education (44.9%) while the highest educational qualification in the non-Sabo community was tertiary education (100%). Secondary education was the commonest educational qualification in both communities. The difference was statistically significant p > 0.05. Majority of the respondents in non- Sabo community (61.4%) knew immunization was commenced at birth compared to (38.6%) in Sabo community. The difference was statistically significant p > 0.05 Majority of the respondents in Sabo community (53.1%) seek for the consent of their spouse before immunization compared to (46.9%) in non- Sabo community. The difference was statistically significant p > 0.05. More respondents in non- Sabo community (55.5%) delivered in health facility compared to (44.5%) in Sabo community. The difference was statistically significant p > 0.05. More of the respondents in Sabo community (58.1%) do not go for immunization due to their child illness compared to (41.9%) in non- Sabo community. 145 (41.9%) . The difference was statistically significant p > 0.05
The married women in Sabo community (53.0%) had better knowledge of routine immunization compared to the married women in non-Sabo community (47.0%). The difference was statistically significant p > 0.05. Also women in polygamous marriages in Sabo community (77.0%) had better knowledge of routine immunization compared to women in non-Sabo community (23.0%). The difference was statistically significant p > 0.05.
The married women in the Sabo community (53.0%) had better attitude compared to the married women in non-Sabo community (47.0%). The difference was statistically significant p > 0.05. Also self employed women in Sabo community (66.0%) had better attitude towards routine immunization compared to self employed women in non-Sabo community (34.0%). The difference was statistically significant p > 0.05.
Children of mothers in polygamous marriage in Sabo community (77.0%) had better uptake of routine immunization compared to children of mothers in polygamous marriage of non-Sabo community (23.0%). The difference was statistically significant p > 0.05. Also children of self
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employed women in Sabo community (66.0%) had better uptake of routine immunization compared to children of self employed women in non-Sabo community (34.0%). The difference was statistically significant p > 0.05. This study found that non- Sabo community had 0.031 times lower odds of good uptake of routine immunization than the Sabo community.
Focus Group Discussion (FGD) findings showed that lack of maternal autonomy, bad personal experience, lack of family support, ignorance and financial constraints were related to poor knowledge, attitude and uptake of routine immunization. Some measures which could improve immunization coverage were more health talks, home visit by health workers, more awareness of routine immunization and more health facilities.
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION: Non- Sabo community had better knowledge, attitude and uptake of routine immunization among the mothers of the age group 30- 39 years, in monogamous marriages who were Christians with secondary education than in Sabo community while Sabo community had better knowledge, attitude and uptake of routine immunization among the married mothers in polygamous marriages with primary education who were self-employed than in non- Sabo community. There is need for government to maintain Primary Health Care and create more to be accessible to more people. They should also help the community set up health post and health committee in order to improve uptake of routine immunization. Some other measures which could improve immunization coverage were more health talks, home visit by health workers, more awareness of routine immunization and more health facilities.

Title Page———i

Certification——–ii

Dedication———iii

Acknowledgement——-iv

Abstract ———vi

Table of Content——–vii

 

Chapter One

1.0 Introduction ——-1

1.1 Statement of Problem——4

1.2 Purpose of the Study——5

1.3 Significance of Study——8

1.4 Limitation——–9

1.5 Scope of Study——-11

 

Chapter Two

2.0 Review of Related Literature —-12

2.6 Summary of Literature Review—- 19

 

Chapter Three

3.0 Research Methodology and Procedure—22

3.1 Population ——–22

3.2 Sample and Sampling Technique—-22

3.3 Validation of the Instrument —-23

3.4 Reliability of the Instrument —–23

3.5 Data Analysis——-23

 

Chapter Four

4.0 Presentation and Discussion of Result—24

4.1 Analysis and interpretaion of Data—25

4.2 Discussion of Results——38

 

Chapter Five

5.0. Summary, Conclusion, and Recommendation  –40

5.1 Summary——–40

5.2 Conclusion——–41

5.3 Recommendation——42

References ———45

Appendix 1——–47

Appendix ———50

COMPARATIVE STUDY ON MATERNAL KNOWLEDGE ATTITUDE AND UPTAKE OF ROUTINE IMMUNIZATION IN SABO AND NON SABO COMMUNITIES IN AWKA TOWN OF ANAMBRA STATE

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