APPLICATION OF A FUZZY ONTOLOGY TO NEWS SUMMARIZATION

I. Introduction

AN ontology is a formal conceptualization of a real world, and it can share a common understanding of this real world [11] . With the support of the ontology, both user and system can communicate with each other by the shared and common understanding of a domain [16] . There are many ontological applications that have been presented in various domains. For example, Embley et al. [3] present a method of extracting information from unstructured documents based on an application ontology. Alani et al. [1] propose the Artequakt that automatically extracts knowledge about artists from the web based on an ontology. It can generate biographies that tailor to a user’s interests and requirements. Navigli et al. [14] propose the OntoLearn with ontology learning capability to extract relevant domain terms from a corpus of text. OntoSeek [4] is a system designed for content-based information retrieval. It combines an ontology-driven content-matching mechanism with moderately expressive representation formalism. Handschuh et al. [6] provide a framework, known as S-CREAM, that allows for creation of metadata and is trainable for a specific domain. Ont-O-Mat is the reference implementation of the S-CREAM framework. It provides a plugin interface for extensions for further advancements, e.g., collaborative metadata creation or integrated ontology editing and evolution. Vargas-Vera et al. [17] present an annotation tool, called MnM, which provides both automated and semi-automated support for annotating web pages with semantic contents. MnM integrates a web browser with an ontology editor and provides open application programming interfaces (APIs) to link to ontology servers and for integrating information extraction tools.