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EFFECTIVENESS OF SULPHADOXINE – PYRIMETHAMINE IN INTERMITTENT PREVENTIVE TREATMENT OF MALARIA IN PREGNANCY
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To determine the effectiveness of Sulphadoxine – pyrimethamine (SP) in intermittent preventive treatment of malaria in pregnancy at Federal Medical centre, Abeokuta.
STUDY DESIGN: Randomized control trial
SETTING: Antenatal Clinic, Department of Obstetrics and gynaecology, Federal Medical Centre, Abeokuta.
POPULATION: Pregnant women presenting for antenatal booking that met the inclusion criteria for the study
METHOD: Patients who met the inclusion criteria and who consented to the study were randomized into two groups. Blood film for malaria parasite was collected from all the patients before administering sulphadoxine – pyrimethamine to the first group. A repeat sample for malaria parasite was collected from all the patients after two weeks before administering sulphadoxine – pyrimethamine to the second group. The maternal biodata, Pre and Post SP blood film analysis results were compared within the two groups. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Prevalence of malaria parasitaemia and parasite reduction or clearance rate with use of SP.
RESULT: A total of 385 patients were recruited for the study, 27 (7.0%) of these patients were excluded from the final result analysis (20 patients (5.2%) that were absent at the follow up visit and 7 patients (1.8%) that had clinical features of malaria in pregnancy before follow up appointment). The result of 358 patients were analysed; 203 in the case group and 155 in the control group.
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The prevalence of malaria parasitaemia in pregnancy in the study population was 43.9%. The mean parasite density at booking was 1049.7 parasites/µl in the case group and 1183.4 parasites/µl in control group. Prevalence of parasitaemia at the two week follow up visit in the case group reduced by 67.4% and in the control group by 32.4% (P=0.015). The mean parasite density reduction was 59.3% and 37.9% in the case and control group respectively over the same period (P=0.021).
CONCLUSION: The finding of this study revealed that sulphadoxine pyrimethamine is effective for the intermittent preventive treatment of malaria in pregnancy.
