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THE EFFECT OF DEPO MEDROXYPROGESTERONE ACETATE (DMPA) ON SERUM PROTEINS: TOTAL PROTEIN, ALBUMIN AND GLOBULIN IN WOMEN AT ADEOYO MATERNITY TEACHING HOSPITAL. IBADAN
Abstract
INTRODUCTION
Family planning is the conscious effort made by a couple and individuals to decide freely and responsibly on the number and spacing of their children. Contraceptives are methods used by couples to achieve a desirable family size and spacing. Many methods are available which include both the traditional and the modern methods. DMPA is a long acting reversible hormonal contraceptive that is given every three months. It is easily administered, and not coitus dependent. This has increased the awareness and subsequent uptake of the method by several women. However this increase in use has generated a lot of interest especially on the effect of DMPA on the metabolism of the body that is glucose, lipid, and protein metabolism. The effects of DMPA on the total serum protein,albumin and globulin have been documented in Asians and Caucasians but yet to be studied in recent time amongst Nigerian women hence this research.
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of Depo medroxyprogesterone on the serum levels of total proteins, albumin and globulins of women in Adeoyo Maternity Teaching Hospital, Ibadan.
METHODOLOGY
It was a Prospective Cohort study involving fifty women who have consented to taking DMPA for the first time at the family planning clinic at the Adeoyo Maternity teaching Hospital. The participants were sequentially selected and recruited following informed consent. A structured proforma form was used to obtain Sociodemographic data , Bodymass Index BMI, weight. Serum proteins, Albumin and Globulins were measured before injection, one and three months after injection using standard enzymatic methods.
RESULTS
There were significant changes in the mean levels of immunoglobulins. IgG level was found to be raised both at one and three months(p<0.05). IgA and IgM were both decreased at the third month of use which was significant at (p<0.05) but changes observed in the mean levels of total protein and Albumin were not statistically significant(p>0.05) . The Diastolic Blood pressure DBP, weight and Body mass index were all found to be significantly increased after three months of DMPA use (p<0.05).
CONCLUSION
The increase in the mean level of IgG is beneficial to DMPA users because of the improved humoral immunity it accrues which makes it beneficial to its users. The increase in DBP, weight and BMI also reinforces proper patient selection and counselling before DMPA uptake.
