THE IMPACT OF CONSUMING WHOLE CANNABIS SATIVA ON MICE BRAIN TISSUES: BEHAVIORAL PATTERNS AND OXIDATIVE STRESS EFFECTS
Introduction:
The unregulated habitual use of whole Cannabis sativa presents a challenge for exploring the plant’s potential medical benefits. As a psychoactive substance with diverse physiological properties, the mode of consumption plays a crucial role in determining the onset and extent of its effects. This study aimed to investigate the neuro-behavioral consequences of daily oral ingestion of C. sativa and its impact on oxidative stress parameters in mice brain tissues.
Methods: Twenty-five male Swiss albino mice were divided into five groups, each consisting of five animals. The cannabis diet was prepared using whole-dried cannabis mixed with standard mice feed. Groups I to IV were fed with 40%, 20%, 10%, and 1% cannabis-diet ad libitum for 14 days, respectively, while group V served as a control and received standard mice diet ad libitum for the same duration. Neuro-behavioral activities were assessed by observing the animals’ rearing, grooming, ambulation, head dipping, and freezing times. Brain oxidative stress parameters were also evaluated to understand the effect of cannabis oral consumption on mice brain activity.
Results: The mice fed with a cannabis diet displayed significantly reduced anxiety levels in a quantity-dependent manner compared to the control group. However, locomotory function, exploratory tendencies, and neophilia showed no statistically significant changes. Cannabis exhibited both antioxidant and oxidative stress tendencies. Surprisingly, ingestion of whole cannabis plants did not adversely affect neuro-behavioral patterns in the animals. The study revealed a trade-off between oxidative stress induction and brain tissue injury repair mechanisms, likely influenced by various constituents of Cannabis.
Discussion and Implications:
The findings suggest that oral ingestion of cannabis may not lead to immediate changes in neuro-behavioral patterns. The observed reduction in anxiety without significant effects on other neuro-behavioral activities may have implications for potential medical uses. However, it is important to acknowledge the dual antioxidant and oxidative stress tendencies of cannabis, which may indicate a complex interplay of its components. Further research is warranted to explore the specific mechanisms behind these effects and their potential applications in medical contexts.
Conclusion: This study sheds light on the neuro-behavioral consequences of daily oral ingestion of Cannabis sativa in mice. The observed reduction in anxiety and lack of significant changes in other neuro-behavioral patterns highlight the potential medical usefulness of the plant. However, the presence of both antioxidant and oxidative stress tendencies requires further investigation to fully understand the implications and possible therapeutic applications.
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