ANALYSIS OF POWER SYSTEM DYNAMICS AND STABILITY DURING THE TRANSITION TO A LOW-CARBON GRID.

Abstract:

As the global energy landscape shifts towards sustainability and reduced carbon emissions, the power sector is undergoing a significant transformation towards a low-carbon grid. This transition involves integrating renewable energy sources, such as wind and solar, on a large scale, while reducing reliance on fossil fuel-based power generation. However, this transition poses several challenges to the dynamics and stability of power systems, which must be carefully analyzed and addressed to ensure reliable and secure operation.

This paper presents an analysis of power system dynamics and stability during the transition to a low-carbon grid. The study begins by examining the key characteristics of renewable energy sources and their impact on the power system. The intermittent and variable nature of renewables introduces uncertainties and fluctuations in power generation, which can affect system stability and reliability.

The analysis focuses on three main aspects: system frequency control, voltage stability, and transient stability. Firstly, the paper investigates the challenges associated with maintaining system frequency within acceptable limits in the presence of high renewable penetration. It explores the need for advanced control strategies and the integration of energy storage systems to mitigate frequency deviations and enhance system resilience.

Secondly, the study examines the impact of renewable integration on voltage stability, considering the potential for voltage fluctuations and voltage collapse. It explores voltage control techniques, including reactive power compensation and voltage regulation devices, to maintain voltage profiles within acceptable limits and ensure reliable operation.

Lastly, the paper addresses transient stability during the transition to a low-carbon grid. It investigates the impact of renewable generation on system dynamics during disturbances, such as fault events or sudden changes in power demand. The analysis considers the effectiveness of existing protection schemes, control strategies, and grid reinforcement measures to enhance transient stability and prevent cascading failures.

To conduct the analysis, a combination of mathematical modeling, simulation studies, and field data analysis is employed. The study incorporates data from real-world power systems with varying levels of renewable integration to ensure the relevance and applicability of the findings.

The outcomes of this research provide valuable insights into the challenges and opportunities associated with the transition to a low-carbon grid. The findings will aid power system operators, policymakers, and researchers in developing effective strategies and solutions to ensure the stability, reliability, and resilience of power systems during this critical energy transition.