DIFFERENCES IN SCHOOL CONNECTEDNESS AND LEARNED HELPLESSNESS AMONG UNDERGRADUATES IN A PUBLIC AND PRIVATE UNIVERSITY IN OSUN STATE, NIGERIA

DIFFERENCES IN SCHOOL CONNECTEDNESS AND LEARNED HELPLESSNESS AMONG UNDERGRADUATES IN A PUBLIC AND PRIVATE UNIVERSITY IN OSUN STATE, NIGERIA 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Title Page                                                                                  i

Declaration                                                                                ii

Approval Page                                                                           iii

Dedication                                                                                  iv

Abstract                                                                                     vi

Table of Contents                                                                      vii

CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION

1.1    Introduction                                                 1

1.2  Background of the study       3

1.3    Statement of the General Problem                                  4

1.4    Objective of the study                                                       5

1.5    Significance of the study                                                  5

1.6    Statement of hypothesis                                                   6

1.7    Scope of the study                                                             6

1.8    Limitation of the study                                                     7

1.9    Definition of terms                                                            7

CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW

2.0    Introduction                                                                      9

2.1    Review of related literature                                             9

2.2    Theoretical framework

2.3    Summary of review                                                           33

CHAPTER THREE: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

3.1    Introduction                                                                      35

3.2    Research design                                                                35

3.3    Area of study                                                                    35

3.4    Population of the study                                                    36

3.5    Sample size                                                                       36

3.6    Instrument for data collection                                          36

3.7    Reliability of the instrument                                            37

3.8    Validity of the Instrument                                               38

3.9    Method of data Collection                                                 38

3.10  Method of Data Analysis                                                  39

CHAPTER FOUR: DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS

4.1    Introduction                                                                      41

4.2    Characteristics of the respondents                                   41

4.3    Presentation of Data Analysis                                         43

4.4    Discussion of Findings                                                     48

4.5    Summary of findings                                                        49

CHAPTER FIVE: SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS

5.1    Summary                                                                          51

5.2    Conclusion                                                                        52

5.3    Recommendation                                                              53

Biography                                                                         54

Appendix                                                                           56

Abstract:
This study explores the differences in school connectedness and learned helplessness among undergraduate students attending a public and a private university in Osun State, Nigeria. School connectedness refers to the degree to which students feel engaged, supported, and valued within the educational environment, while learned helplessness refers to a state of motivational and cognitive deficits that stems from repeated experiences of uncontrollable negative outcomes. Understanding these differences can provide insight into the influence of university type on students' psychological well-being and academic outcomes.

The study employed a quantitative research design, using a cross-sectional survey method. A sample of undergraduate students from both the public and private universities in Osun State was selected using a stratified random sampling technique. The participants completed self-report questionnaires assessing school connectedness and learned helplessness. The data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics, including t-tests and analysis of variance (ANOVA).

Preliminary findings indicate that there are significant differences in school connectedness and learned helplessness between students in public and private universities. Specifically, students in private universities reported higher levels of school connectedness, indicating a greater sense of engagement, support, and value within their academic environment compared to their counterparts in public universities. Conversely, students in public universities showed higher levels of learned helplessness, suggesting a greater tendency to perceive their academic outcomes as uncontrollable and beyond their personal control.

These findings have important implications for educational policymakers, administrators, and practitioners in Osun State, Nigeria. They highlight the need for targeted interventions and support systems within public universities to enhance students' school connectedness and reduce learned helplessness. Additionally, private universities can serve as models for fostering positive educational environments that promote student engagement and reduce the likelihood of learned helplessness.

Future research should explore the underlying factors contributing to the observed differences in school connectedness and learned helplessness between public and private universities. Longitudinal studies can provide insights into the causal relationships between these variables and shed light on the potential mechanisms through which school type influences students' psychological well-being and academic outcomes.

Keywords: school connectedness, learned helplessness, undergraduate students, public university, private university, Osun State, Nigeria.

DIFFERENCES IN SCHOOL CONNECTEDNESS AND LEARNED HELPLESSNESS AMONG UNDERGRADUATES IN A PUBLIC AND PRIVATE UNIVERSITY IN OSUN STATE, NIGERIA, GET MORE EDUCATION PROJECT TOPICS AND MATERIALS 

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